Rojo-Moreno L, Livianos-Aldana L, Cervera-Martínez G, Dominguez-Carabantes J A
Unit of Psychiatry, Department of Medicine, University of Valencia, La Fe University Hospital, Valencia, Spain.
Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol. 1999 Oct;34(10):548-54. doi: 10.1007/s001270050174.
The aim of this study was to investigate the style of rearing in a sample of depressive patients and compare it with a control group of normal subjects of similar age, sex, and civil status. The hypothesis to verify was that among the depressives the style of rearing is characterised by a deficit in Emotional Warmth and an excess of Rejection and Protection. We analysed whether the severity of the depression - Major Depressive Disorders versus Depressive Disorders Not Otherwise Specified - was associated with differences in the perceived rearing conditions.
It was an observational study of the case/control type. There were 50 patients, whose first depressive episode (DSM-III-R criteria) began in the 6 months prior to the interview. They were entered sequentially into the study sample. The control group comprised 50 subjects with no depressive pathology, matched by age, sex, and social class.
The EMBU questionnaire was applied to all the subjects.
Only 35% of all depressive patients, as against 64% of the controls, had experienced an optimum upbringing. It is shown that a deficit in Emotional Warmth and a high level of Rejection constitute parental attitudes that are significantly more frequent among depressives than among subjects with no psychiatric pathology. Type of depression or degree of intimacy did not influence the scores obtained in the subscales of the EMBU. Depressives pertaining to lower social classes tended to score higher in Overprotection and Rejection scales.
本研究旨在调查抑郁症患者样本中的养育方式，并将其与年龄、性别和婚姻状况相似的正常对照组进行比较。有待验证的假设是，抑郁症患者的养育方式具有情感温暖不足、拒绝和保护过度的特征。我们分析了抑郁症的严重程度——重度抑郁症与未特定的抑郁症——是否与所感知的养育条件差异相关。
这是一项病例/对照类型的观察性研究。有50名患者，其首次抑郁发作（符合DSM-III-R标准）在访谈前6个月内开始。他们依次进入研究样本。对照组由50名无抑郁病史的受试者组成，按年龄、性别和社会阶层进行匹配。
对所有受试者应用EMBU问卷。
所有抑郁症患者中只有35%经历过理想的养育，而对照组这一比例为64%。结果显示，情感温暖不足和高水平的拒绝构成了父母的态度，这些态度在抑郁症患者中比在无精神疾病的受试者中更为常见。抑郁症类型或亲密程度并未影响在EMBU分量表中获得的分数。来自较低社会阶层的抑郁症患者在过度保护和拒绝量表上的得分往往更高。
