Connor D F, Fletcher K E, Swanson J M
Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester 01655, USA.
J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999 Dec;38(12):1551-9. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199912000-00017.
Meta-analysis was used to review the literature on the clinical use of clonidine to treat symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
A review of the literature from 1980 to 1999 revealed 39 studies that reported clonidine's efficacy and side effects for symptoms of ADHD and comorbid conditions. Of these, 11 reports provided sufficient information to be included in a meta-analysis.
Meta-analysis using weighted variables revealed clonidine demonstrates a moderate effect size of 0.58 +/- 0.16 (95% confidence interval = 0.27-0.89) on symptoms of ADHD in children and adolescents with ADHD and ADHD comorbid with conduct disorder, developmental delay, and tic disorders.
Clonidine may be an effective second-tier treatment for symptoms of ADHD, but it has an effect size less than that of stimulants. Clinical use of clonidine is associated with many side effects.
采用荟萃分析方法回顾有关可乐定治疗注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状的临床应用文献。
对1980年至1999年的文献进行回顾，发现39项研究报告了可乐定对ADHD症状及共病情况的疗效和副作用。其中，11份报告提供了足够信息可纳入荟萃分析。
使用加权变量的荟萃分析显示，可乐定对患有ADHD以及ADHD合并品行障碍、发育迟缓与抽动障碍的儿童和青少年的ADHD症状具有中等效应量，为0.58±0.16（95%置信区间 = 0.27 - 0.89）。
可乐定可能是治疗ADHD症状的一种有效二线治疗药物，但其效应量小于兴奋剂。可乐定的临床应用伴有许多副作用。
