Knapp J F
Department of Pediatrics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, USA.
Pediatr Clin North Am. 1999 Dec;46(6):1201-13. doi: 10.1016/s0031-3955(05)70183-8.
Lacerations are common in children, and skills in wound management, especially laceration repair, are important. The minimization of pain and anxiety should be considered an essential part of the procedure. Newer techniques using topical anesthetics and tissue adhesives have significantly simplified the process of laceration repair promoting application in office, clinic, and emergency department settings. In situations inappropriate for topical anesthesia and closure, the use of buffered lidocaine and attention to the technique of infiltration are important. Although infection is the most common complication, the percentage of lacerations, which become infected in children, is low. Antibiotic prophylaxis is seldom needed. Human and animal bites raise special concerns in the assessment for primary repair and prophylactic antibiotic use.
裂伤在儿童中很常见，伤口处理技能，尤其是裂伤修复技能很重要。将疼痛和焦虑降至最低应被视为该过程的重要组成部分。使用局部麻醉剂和组织粘合剂的新技术显著简化了裂伤修复过程，促进了其在门诊、诊所和急诊科的应用。在不适合局部麻醉和缝合的情况下，使用缓冲利多卡因并注意浸润技术很重要。虽然感染是最常见的并发症，但儿童裂伤发生感染的比例较低。很少需要预防性使用抗生素。在评估一期修复和预防性使用抗生素时，人类和动物咬伤引发了特殊问题。
