美国的社会经济地位与致命和非致命伤害的发生情况。
Socioeconomic status and the occurrence of fatal and nonfatal injury in the United States.
作者信息
Cubbin C, LeClere F B, Smith G S
机构信息
Stanford Center for Research in Disease Prevention, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, Calif. 94304-1825, USA.
出版信息
Am J Public Health. 2000 Jan;90(1):70-7. doi: 10.2105/ajph.90.1.70.
OBJECTIVES
This study examined the contribution of socioeconomic status (SES) to the risk of injury mortality and morbidity among working-age adults.
METHODS
The sample consisted of respondents to the National Health Interview Survey (1987-1994), and separate analyses were conducted for injury deaths to respondents by linking to the National Death Index. Proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze mortality. Logistic regression models were used to analyze morbidity.
RESULTS
The effects of SES varied substantially by cause of injury mortality and indicator of SES. In the multivariate models, blue-collar workers were at significantly increased odds of nonfatal injury. Education was unrelated to total injury morbidity, although associations were observed after stratification of the outcome by severity and place of occurrence. Black persons were at increased risk for homicide, and Black and Hispanic persons were at decreased risk for suicide and nonfatal injuries, after adjustment for SES.
CONCLUSIONS
SES is an important determinant of injury, although the effect depends on the indicator of SES and the cause and severity of injury.
目的
本研究探讨了社会经济地位（SES）对工作年龄成年人伤害死亡率和发病率风险的影响。
方法
样本来自全国健康访谈调查（1987 - 1994年）的受访者，并通过与国家死亡指数链接，对受访者的伤害死亡情况进行单独分析。采用比例风险回归模型分析死亡率。采用逻辑回归模型分析发病率。
结果
SES的影响因伤害死亡原因和SES指标的不同而有很大差异。在多变量模型中，蓝领工人非致命伤害的几率显著增加。教育与总伤害发病率无关，不过在按严重程度和发生地点对结果进行分层后观察到了相关性。在对SES进行调整后，黑人遭受杀人的风险增加，黑人和西班牙裔遭受自杀和非致命伤害的风险降低。
结论
SES是伤害的一个重要决定因素，尽管其影响取决于SES指标以及伤害的原因和严重程度。
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