Tarkka M T, Paunonen M, Laippala P
Department of Nursing Science, University of Tampere, PO Box 607, SF-33101 Tampere, Finland.
J Adv Nurs. 2000 Jan;31(1):20-6. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2648.2000.01264.x.
The aim of the present study was to examine those resources and strengths that mothers find helpful for coping with child care when the child was 8 months old. This study is part of a more extensive longitudinal study project in which the growth into motherhood of first-time mothers was followed for 8 months postpartum. Data were collected by using structured questionnaires between August 1995 and March 1996. The sample comprised 254 first-time mothers and 248 mothers returned the questionnaires by mail. The multivariate method used was a stepwise regression analysis. Predictors included in the multivariate method to explain coping with child care were as follows: the mother's competence, mother's attachment to the child, mother's self-concept, relation to the spouse, breastfeeding, decision-making support from the public health nurse and activity of the child. The strongest predictor was competence as a mother. The more competent the mother felt and the more attached the mother was to her child, the better her coping. The better the mother's self-concept and relationship with the spouse were, the better she succeeded in taking care of the child. If the mother still breastfed her child and received decision-making support from public health nurses, she coped better in child care. Finally the more active the child was, the more the risk for unsuccessful child care increased. The results indicate that the first-time mother's successful coping with child care when the child is 8 months old is associated with her own resources and attachment to the child as well as activity of the child and breastfeeding. A good relationship between the spouses and support for decision making from the public health nurse also contribute to coping with child care.
本研究的目的是探究母亲们在孩子8个月大时认为有助于应对育儿问题的资源和优势。本研究是一个更广泛的纵向研究项目的一部分，该项目跟踪了初产妇产后8个月成为母亲的过程。1995年8月至1996年3月期间，通过结构化问卷收集数据。样本包括254名初产妇，其中248名母亲通过邮件返回了问卷。所采用的多变量方法是逐步回归分析。多变量方法中用于解释应对育儿问题的预测因素如下：母亲的能力、母亲与孩子的依恋关系、母亲的自我概念、与配偶的关系、母乳喂养、公共卫生护士的决策支持以及孩子的活动情况。最强的预测因素是作为母亲的能力。母亲感觉越有能力，与孩子的依恋关系越强，她的应对能力就越好。母亲的自我概念和与配偶的关系越好，她在照顾孩子方面就越成功。如果母亲仍在母乳喂养孩子并得到公共卫生护士的决策支持，她在育儿方面的应对能力会更好。最后，孩子越活跃，育儿不成功的风险就越高。结果表明，初产妇在孩子8个月大时成功应对育儿问题与她自身的资源、与孩子的依恋关系以及孩子的活动情况和母乳喂养有关。配偶之间的良好关系以及公共卫生护士的决策支持也有助于应对育儿问题。
