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按骨骼区域划分的骨髓和骨骼的电子吸收分数及剂量转换因子。

Electron absorbed fractions and dose conversion factors for marrow and bone by skeletal regions.

作者信息

Eckerman K F, Stabin M G

机构信息

Life Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, TN 37831, USA.

出版信息

Health Phys. 2000 Feb;78(2):199-214. doi: 10.1097/00004032-200002000-00009.

Abstract

The possible inductions of bone cancer and leukemia are the two health effects of primary concern in the irradiation of the skeleton. The relevant target tissues to consider in the dosimetric evaluation have been the cells on or near endosteal surfaces of bone, from which osteosarcomas are thought to arise, and hematopoietic bone marrow, which is associated with leukemia. The complex geometry of the soft tissue-bone intermixture makes calculations of absorbed doses to these target regions a difficult problem. In the case of photon or neutron radiations, charged particle equilibrium may not exist in the vicinity of a soft tissue-bone mineral interface. In this paper, absorbed fraction data are developed for calculations of the dose in the target tissues from electron emitters deposited within the volume or on the surfaces of trabecular bone. The skeletal average absorbed fractions presented are consistent with usage of this quantity in the contemporary dosimetric formulations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Implementation of the new bone and marrow model is then developed within the context of the calculational schema of the Medical Internal Radiation Dose (MIRD) Committee. Model parameters relevant to the calculation of dose conversion factors (S values) for different regions of the skeleton of individuals of various age are described, and an example calculation is performed for a monoclonal antibody which localizes in the marrow. The utility of these calculations for radiation dose calculations in nuclear medicine is discussed.

摘要

骨癌和白血病的可能诱发是骨骼照射中两个主要关注的健康影响。在剂量学评估中需要考虑的相关靶组织是骨内膜表面或其附近的细胞(骨肉瘤被认为起源于此)以及与白血病相关的造血骨髓。软组织与骨混合的复杂几何形状使得计算这些靶区域的吸收剂量成为一个难题。在光子或中子辐射的情况下,在软组织 - 骨矿物质界面附近可能不存在带电粒子平衡。在本文中,开发了吸收分数数据,用于计算沉积在小梁骨体积内或表面的电子发射体在靶组织中的剂量。给出的骨骼平均吸收分数与国际放射防护委员会(ICRP)当代剂量学公式中该量的用法一致。然后在医学内照射剂量(MIRD)委员会的计算框架内开发新的骨骼和骨髓模型。描述了与不同年龄个体骨骼不同区域的剂量转换因子(S值)计算相关的模型参数,并对定位在骨髓中的单克隆抗体进行了示例计算。讨论了这些计算在核医学辐射剂量计算中的实用性。

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