Mehlman P T, Westergaard G C, Hoos B J, Sallee F R, Marsh S, Suomi S J, Linnoila M, Higley J D
Division of Research and Development, LABS of Virginia, Inc., Yemassee, SC 29945, USA.
Neuropsychopharmacology. 2000 Feb;22(2):210-8. doi: 10.1016/S0893-133X(99)00101-3.
Men with low CNS serotonin turnover, as measured by cerebrospinal fluid 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (CSF 5-HIAA) concentrations, exhibit aberrant circadian activity patterns characterized by disrupted sleep rhythms and daytime hyperactivity. To assess whether similar patterns are found in nonhuman primates we examined the relationships between CSF 5-HIAA and nighttime activity in free-ranging monkeys. CSF samples were obtained from 16 adult male rhesus macaques living on a 475 acre, heavily forested sea island. Each subject was captured, fitted with a radio-telemetry motion-detector collar, and then released back into its group. A receiver placed near the sleeping trees of the study subjects recorded activity between 2100 hrs and 0600 hrs. Trained observers recorded behavioral data during the day. The animals followed a typical diurnal activity pattern, as they were active 74% of the sampled time during the day and 37% of the sampled time during the night. CSF 5-HIAA concentrations were inversely correlated with total duration of nighttime activity as well as mean duration of all active events. Nighttime activity was inversely correlated with daytime activity. CSF 3-methoxy-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG) concentrations were positively correlated with total nighttime activity, and inversely correlated with daytime sleep frequency. We conclude that male rhesus with low CSF 5-HIAA concentrations have higher total nighttime activity, longer mean periods of nighttime activity, and sleep more during the day than do males with high CSF 5-HIAA concentrations. This suggests that low serotonergic neurotransmission is associated with aberrant diurnal activity, as evidenced by a disruption of nighttime sleep patterns and a compensatory higher rate of inactivity during the day.
通过脑脊液5-羟吲哚乙酸（CSF 5-HIAA）浓度测定，中枢神经系统血清素周转率低的男性表现出异常的昼夜活动模式，其特征为睡眠节律紊乱和白天多动。为了评估在非人灵长类动物中是否也存在类似模式，我们研究了自由放养猴子的脑脊液5-HIAA与夜间活动之间的关系。从生活在一个475英亩、森林茂密的海岛上的16只成年雄性恒河猴身上采集脑脊液样本。每只受试动物被捕获后，佩戴上无线电遥测运动探测器项圈，然后放回其群体中。放置在研究对象睡眠树木附近的接收器记录了21:00至06:00之间的活动情况。训练有素的观察者在白天记录行为数据。这些动物遵循典型的昼夜活动模式，它们在白天的采样时间中有74%处于活动状态，在夜间的采样时间中有37%处于活动状态。脑脊液5-HIAA浓度与夜间活动的总时长以及所有活动事件的平均时长呈负相关。夜间活动与白天活动呈负相关。脑脊液3-甲氧基-羟苯乙二醇（MHPG）浓度与夜间活动总时长呈正相关，与白天睡眠频率呈负相关。我们得出结论，脑脊液5-HIAA浓度低的雄性恒河猴夜间活动总量更高，夜间活动的平均时长更长，且比脑脊液5-HIAA浓度高的雄性恒河猴白天睡眠更多。这表明血清素能神经传递低下与异常的昼夜活动有关，夜间睡眠模式的紊乱以及白天代偿性的高不活动率就是证据。
