Balasanian M, McNabb S J
Armenian Ministry of Health, Yerevan, Armenia.
J Infect Dis. 2000 Feb;181 Suppl 1:S69-72. doi: 10.1086/315542.
While incidence rates of diphtheria steadily declined in Armenia after World War II, reemergence of the disease in 1990 brought about changes in public health practices and identified resource needs. The Armenian Ministry of Health (MOH) routinely collected diphtheria case reports, as a reportable health outcome. Diphtheria incidence rates increased from 0.02/100,000 in 1993 to 1/100,000 (36 cases) in 1994. The distribution of cases showed that the greatest number of illnesses and deaths occurred among persons 5-14 years old, yet incidence rates among persons 1-4 and 5-14 years old were similar (4. 4 cases/ and 4.3 cases/100,000, respectively). During 1990-1996, 9 (75%) of 12 cases who died and 18 (21%) of 84 cases who survived had not been vaccinated. The diphtheria epidemic in Armenia was an important, serious, and signal public health event. The Armenian MOH responded by revising immunization practices (1994), improving epidemic control measures (1995), and soliciting international resources (1992-1996).
第二次世界大战后,亚美尼亚白喉发病率稳步下降,但1990年该疾病的再度出现改变了公共卫生做法,并明确了资源需求。亚美尼亚卫生部(MOH)定期收集白喉病例报告,将其作为应报告的健康结果。白喉发病率从1993年的0.02/10万增至1994年的1/10万(36例)。病例分布显示,5至14岁人群的发病和死亡人数最多,但1至4岁和5至14岁人群的发病率相似(分别为4.4例/10万和4.3例/10万)。在1990年至1996年期间,12例死亡病例中有9例(75%)以及84例存活病例中有18例(21%)未接种疫苗。亚美尼亚的白喉疫情是一起重大、严重且具有标志性的公共卫生事件。亚美尼亚卫生部采取了应对措施,包括修订免疫接种做法(1994年)、加强疫情控制措施(1995年)以及争取国际资源(1992年至1996年)。