Tsolis R M, Kingsley R A, Townsend S M, Ficht T A, Adams L G, Bäumler A J
Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station 77843-4467, USA.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 1999;473:261-74.
Numerous Salmonella typhimurium virulence factors have been identified and characterized using experimental infection of mice. While the murine typhoid model has been used successfully for Salmonella typhi vaccine development and to infer virulence mechanisms important during typhoid fever, information derived from infection of mice has been of limited value in elucidating the mechanisms by which S. typhimurium causes enteritis in humans. Progress in our understanding of virulence mechanisms contributing to diarrheal disease comes from recent studies of bovine enteritis, a S. typhimurium infection, which manifests as acute gastroenteritis. This review compares virulence genes and mechanisms required during murine typhoid, typhoid fever, and bovine enteritis. Comparison of illnesses caused in different animal hosts identifies virulence mechanisms involved in species specific disease manifestations. The determination of the relative importance of virulence factors for disease manifestations in different host species provides an important link between the in vitro characterization of genes and their role during host pathogen interaction.
利用小鼠实验感染，已鉴定并表征了许多鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的毒力因子。虽然鼠伤寒模型已成功用于伤寒疫苗的开发，并推断出伤寒热期间重要的毒力机制，但从小鼠感染中获得的信息在阐明鼠伤寒沙门氏菌引起人类肠炎的机制方面价值有限。我们对导致腹泻病的毒力机制的理解取得的进展来自最近对牛肠炎（一种鼠伤寒沙门氏菌感染，表现为急性肠胃炎）的研究。本综述比较了鼠伤寒、伤寒热和牛肠炎期间所需的毒力基因和机制。对不同动物宿主中引起的疾病进行比较，可确定参与物种特异性疾病表现的毒力机制。确定毒力因子对不同宿主物种疾病表现的相对重要性，为基因的体外表征与其在宿主病原体相互作用中的作用之间提供了重要联系。
