Singh N, Mehra R K, Sharma V P
Malaria Research Centre (Field Station), Jabalpur, India.
Ann Trop Med Parasitol. 1999 Jul;93(5):477-88. doi: 10.1080/00034989958212.
The largest river-valley development to be proposed in India is that in the Narmada valley. The building of the Bargi dam, a multi-purpose irrigation and hydro-electric project, in Jabalpur, in central India, formed part of the first phase of the development of this valley (1974-1988). Many villages and several hectares of land in three districts were submerged as the waters rose behind the dam, the worst affected area being the catchment area of the primary health centre (PHC) at Narayanganj, in Mandla district. Until recently, cases of malaria were relatively rare in Narayanganj. However, an epidemic of malaria in late 1996 claimed hundreds of lives in the area and the outbreak spread, during 1997, to new villages in the region. A review of the records collected by the National Malaria Eradication Programme (NMEP) not only indicated that the slide positivity rate (SPR) for Narayanganj increased > 7.45-fold between 1979 and 1997 but also that the slide falciparum rate (SFR) increased > 32-fold over the same period. The NMEP data available for Mandla district as a whole indicated a doubling in mean SPR and SFR between 1979 and 1997. There is no evidence that a new species of vector has established since 1979. In fact, indoor-resting densities of anophelines and of the most established vector, Anopheles culicifacies, have fallen since the dam was built, but densities of another vector, An. fluviatilis, have increased.
印度提议的最大河谷开发项目位于讷尔默达河谷。位于印度中部贾巴尔普尔的巴尔吉大坝是一个多功能灌溉和水电项目，它是该河谷开发第一阶段（1974 - 1988年）的一部分。随着大坝后水位上升，三个地区的许多村庄和数公顷土地被淹没，受影响最严重的地区是曼德拉县纳拉扬甘杰初级卫生中心的集水区。直到最近，疟疾在纳拉扬甘杰相对罕见。然而，1996年末的疟疾疫情在该地区夺走了数百人的生命，并且疫情在1997年蔓延到了该地区的新村庄。对国家疟疾根除计划（NMEP）收集的记录进行审查发现，纳拉扬甘杰的血片阳性率（SPR）在1979年至1997年间增长超过7.45倍，同时恶性疟原虫血片率（SFR）在同一时期增长超过32倍。整个曼德拉县可获得的NMEP数据表明，1979年至1997年间平均SPR和SFR翻了一番。没有证据表明自1979年以来出现了新的病媒物种。事实上，自大坝建成以来，按蚊以及最主要的病媒物种库氏按蚊的室内栖息密度有所下降，但另一种病媒物种溪流按蚊的密度增加了。
