Stormshak E A, Bierman K L, McMahon R J, Lengua L J
Department of Applied Behavior and Communication Sciences, University of Oregon, Eugene 97403, USA.
J Clin Child Psychol. 2000 Mar;29(1):17-29. doi: 10.1207/S15374424jccp2901_3.
Examined the hypothesis that distinct parenting practices may be associated with type and profile of a child's disruptive behavior problems (e.g., oppositional, aggressive, hyperactive). Parents of 631 behaviorally disruptive children described the extent to which they experienced warm and involved interactions with their children and the extent to which their discipline strategies were inconsistent and punitive and involved spanking and physical aggression. As expected from a developmental perspective, parenting practices that included punitive interactions were associated with elevated rates of all child disruptive behavior problems. Low levels of warm involvement were particularly characteristic of parents of children who showed elevated levels of oppositional behaviors. Physically aggressive parenting was linked more specifically with child aggression. In general, parenting practices contributed more to the prediction of oppositional and aggressive behavior problems than to hyperactive behavior problems, and parenting influences were fairly consistent across ethnic groups and sex.
研究了这样一种假设，即不同的育儿方式可能与儿童破坏性行为问题的类型和特征（例如对立违抗、攻击、多动）相关。631名有行为破坏问题儿童的家长描述了他们与孩子进行温暖且亲密互动的程度，以及他们的管教策略不一致、具有惩罚性、涉及打屁股和身体攻击的程度。从发展的角度来看，正如预期的那样，包括惩罚性互动的育儿方式与所有儿童破坏性行为问题的高发生率相关。温暖亲密程度低尤其体现在有较高对立违抗行为水平儿童的家长身上。身体攻击型的育儿方式则更具体地与儿童攻击行为相关。总体而言，育儿方式对对立违抗和攻击性行为问题预测的贡献比对多动行为问题的贡献更大，并且育儿影响在不同种族群体和性别中相当一致。
