Lartey A, Manu A, Brown K H, Peerson J M, Dewey K G
Department of Nutrition, Program in International Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8669, USA.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jan;54(1):41-9. doi: 10.1038/sj.ejcn.1600891.
To examine factors associated with the physical growth of breast-fed Ghanaian infants during the first 18 months of life.
A community-based longitudinal study.
The study was carried out in Techiman, a district capital and major food trading center in the Brong Ahafo region of Ghana.
One-month old infants (n=216) with birth weight >/= 2.5 kg were recruited from Maternal and Child Health Centers.
From 6 to 12 months, infants were provided with one of four types of nutritionally enhanced complementary foods. Anthropometric assessments were completed monthly from 1 to 12 months and every other month from 12 to 18 months. Information was collected on household characteristics, morbidity from common infections and dietary intakes. Blood samples were collected at 6 and 12 months to assess iron, zinc, riboflavin and vitamin A status. Multiple regression analysis was used to examine factors associated with growth during the age intervals of 1-6, 4-6, 6-12 and 12-18 months as well as size attained at 12 and 18 months.
Prevalence of diarrhea and fever were negatively associated with growth during the first year of life. No significant relationship was found between respiratory illness (defined as cough or purulent nasal discharge) and growth. With the exception of dietary zinc intake, dietary variables were generally not significantly associated with growth. Maternal education was positively associated with growth during most of the age intervals.
These findings suggest that interventions to reduce morbidity and improve the education of girls may benefit children's growth in this population.
Nestle Foundation; Rockefeller Foundation African Dissertation Internship Award; Fulbright Scholarship. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2000) 54, 41-49
研究与加纳母乳喂养婴儿出生后18个月内身体生长相关的因素。
一项基于社区的纵向研究。
研究在加纳布朗阿哈福地区的首府及主要食品贸易中心特奇曼进行。
从妇幼保健中心招募出生体重≥2.5千克的1月龄婴儿（n = 216）。
6至12个月时，为婴儿提供四种营养强化辅食之一。在1至12个月每月进行人体测量评估，12至18个月每两个月进行一次。收集家庭特征、常见感染发病率和饮食摄入信息。在6个月和12个月时采集血样，评估铁、锌、核黄素和维生素A状况。采用多元回归分析研究1至6个月、4至6个月、6至12个月和12至18个月年龄段与生长相关的因素，以及12个月和18个月时达到的身高体重。
腹泻和发热患病率与出生后第一年的生长呈负相关。未发现呼吸道疾病（定义为咳嗽或脓性鼻分泌物）与生长之间存在显著关系。除膳食锌摄入量外，饮食变量一般与生长无显著关联。在大多数年龄段，母亲教育程度与生长呈正相关。
这些发现表明，降低发病率和改善女童教育的干预措施可能有利于该人群儿童的生长。
雀巢基金会；洛克菲勒基金会非洲论文实习奖；富布赖特奖学金。《欧洲临床营养学杂志》（2000年）54卷，41 - 49页
