Permanent endocardial pacing. An analysis of 90 patients.

Primary results and follow-up observations in 90 patients with permanent endocardial pacing--covering the period from 1970 to June 1974--are reported. The primary mortality was 3% (3/90), and mortality 4% (4/90). Electrode complications were the most common problem and occurred in 20% implantations. Early or late dislocation of the electrode tip was seen in 12%. With the improved technique is was possible to decrease it significantly through the period. The mean battery life time of Siemens-Elema pacemakers was 26 months. 10% of the failed batteries were replaced urgently. So far the rather high frequency of electrode complications diminishes the advantages of the pacemaker treatment.