Hayne H, Boniface J, Barr R
Psychology Department, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Behav Neurosci. 2000 Feb;114(1):77-83. doi: 10.1037//0735-7044.114.1.77.
In 2 experiments, deferred imitation procedures were used to trace age-related changes in declarative memory by human infants over the first 2 years of life. An adult modeled 3 actions with an object, and infants' ability to reproduce those actions was assessed 24 hr later. Some infants were tested with a new object or in a new context relative to the original demonstration. Changes in the context disrupted the performance of 6-month-olds but had no effect on the performance of 12- and 18-month-olds. Changes in the object disrupted the performance of 6- and 12-month-olds but had no effect on the performance of 18-month-olds. This age-related increase in representational flexibility may account for the decline of childhood amnesia during the 3rd year of life.
在两项实验中，采用延迟模仿程序来追踪人类婴儿在生命的头两年中陈述性记忆与年龄相关的变化。一名成年人用一个物体演示了3个动作，并在24小时后评估婴儿再现这些动作的能力。相对于最初的演示，一些婴儿在使用新物体或新情境下接受测试。情境的变化干扰了6个月大婴儿的表现，但对12个月和18个月大婴儿的表现没有影响。物体的变化干扰了6个月和12个月大婴儿的表现，但对18个月大婴儿的表现没有影响。这种与年龄相关的表征灵活性增加可能解释了生命第三年期间儿童期遗忘症的减少。
