Andrews B, Brewin C R, Rose S, Kirk M
Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, England.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2000 Feb;109(1):69-73. doi: 10.1037//0021-843x.109.1.69.
To examine the role of cognitive-affective appraisals and childhood abuse as predictors of crime-related posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, 157 victims of violent crime were interviewed within 1 month post-crime and 6 months later. Measures within 1 month post-crime included previous physical and sexual abuse in childhood and responses to the current crime, including shame and anger with self and others. When all variables were considered together, shame and anger with others were the only independent predictors of PTSD symptoms at 1 month, and shame was the only independent predictor of PTSD symptoms at 6 months when 1-month symptoms were controlled. The results suggest that both shame and anger play an important role in the phenomenology of crime-related PTSD and that shame makes a contribution to the subsequent course of symptoms. The findings are also consistent with previous evidence for the role of shame as a mediator between childhood abuse and adult psychopathology.
为了探究认知情感评估及童年期虐待作为与犯罪相关的创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状预测因素的作用，对157名暴力犯罪受害者在犯罪后1个月及6个月后进行了访谈。犯罪后1个月内的测量指标包括童年期既往身体虐待和性虐待以及对当前犯罪的反应，包括对自己和他人的羞耻感和愤怒感。当综合考虑所有变量时，对他人的羞耻感和愤怒感是1个月时PTSD症状的唯一独立预测因素，而在控制了1个月时的症状后，羞耻感是6个月时PTSD症状的唯一独立预测因素。结果表明，羞耻感和愤怒感在与犯罪相关的PTSD现象学中均发挥重要作用，且羞耻感对后续症状发展过程有影响。这些发现也与先前关于羞耻感作为童年期虐待与成人精神病理学之间中介作用的证据一致。
