Portela-Gomes G M, Albuquerque J P, Ferra M A
Department of Medicine II and Gastroenterology Centre, University Hospital of Santa Maria, Lisbon, Portugal.
Dig Dis Sci. 2000 Apr;45(4):730-5. doi: 10.1023/a:1005495710741.
Thyroidectomy appears to reduce the serotonin content in the rat brain, whereas hyperthyroidism has the opposite effect. As it is not known whether the serotonin-producing cells of the gastrointestinal tract are influenced by these conditions, the effects of thyroparathyroidectomy and induced hyperthyroidism were studied experimentally, particularly as regards the serotonin- and gastrin-immunoreactive cells of the gastrointestinal tract. Immunocytochemical and quantification techniques were used to localize and determine the numbers of serotonin and gastrin cells. In thyroparathyroidectomized rats the intestine was significantly shorter and the mucosa thinner than in sham-operated and untreated controls, whereas the converse was found in the hyperthyroid rats. Following thyroparathyroidectomy, there were fewer gastrin-immunoreactive cells in antrum and the serotonin-immunoreactive cells were significantly less dense throughout the gastrointestinal tract. In hyperthyroid rats, gastrin-immunoreactive cells were more numerous, as were the serotonin-immunoreactive cells in the small intestine, whereas these cells were fewer in antrum and caecum. In conclusion, the thyroid gland exerts a significant influence on the gastrointestinal tract and on the serotonin-and gastrin-immunoreactive cells. The observed alterations may reflect a direct effect of the thyroid hormones, although indirect factors must also be considered.
甲状腺切除术似乎会降低大鼠大脑中的血清素含量，而甲状腺功能亢进则具有相反的作用。由于尚不清楚胃肠道中产生血清素的细胞是否会受到这些状况的影响，因此通过实验研究了甲状旁腺切除术和诱导性甲状腺功能亢进的影响，特别是关于胃肠道中血清素和胃泌素免疫反应性细胞的影响。采用免疫细胞化学和定量技术来定位并确定血清素和胃泌素细胞的数量。与假手术组和未处理的对照组相比，甲状旁腺切除术后的大鼠肠道明显更短，黏膜更薄，而甲状腺功能亢进的大鼠则相反。甲状旁腺切除术后，胃窦中胃泌素免疫反应性细胞减少，整个胃肠道中血清素免疫反应性细胞的密度显著降低。在甲状腺功能亢进的大鼠中，胃泌素免疫反应性细胞更多，小肠中的血清素免疫反应性细胞也更多，而胃窦和盲肠中的这些细胞较少。总之，甲状腺对胃肠道以及血清素和胃泌素免疫反应性细胞有显著影响。观察到的变化可能反映了甲状腺激素的直接作用，不过间接因素也必须予以考虑。
