Zhao T, Wang H J, Chen Y, Xiao M, Duo L, Liu G, Lau Y, Karlberg J
Asthma Center, Capital Institute of Paediatrics, Beijing, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2000 Apr;36(2):128-33. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2000.00457.x.
To assess the prevalence of asthma and other allergies in children in Urumqi and Beijing, compared with that in Hong Kong.
A total of 7754 primary school students were randomly selected to participate in the study. Data were collected in 1995-96 using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) protocol for 6- and 7-year-olds. The study design and data quality assurance in all aspects followed the protocol, including the double entry of data.
The questionnaire response rate was high (98.9%). Beijing children reported significantly more asthma than those living in Urumqi in three categories: wheezing or whistling in the chest in the past year (6.0%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 5.1-6.9% vs 2.9%, 2.3-3.5%, P < 0.001), sleeping disturbed due to wheezing (1.3%, 0.9-1.7% vs 0.6%, 0.3-0.9%, P < 0. 03) and having experienced asthma ever (10.7%, 9.6-11.8% vs 7.6%, 6. 6-8.6%, P < 0.001). The prevalence of allergic rhinitis (30.0% vs 31. 1% estimated as 12-month nasal symptoms in Beijing and Urumqi, respectively) and eczema (2.8% vs 2.0% recorded as 12-month itchy rash) in the two cities were not significantly different. A similar study was also performed in Hong Kong in 1995 using the same ISAAC protocol. The children in Urumqi and Beijing had fewer (P < 0.05) allergic symptoms compared to those living in Hong Kong (n = 3618). The 12-month prevalence of wheezing, nasal symptoms and itchy rash found in Hong Kong were 9.2% (95% CI: 8.2-10.2%), 35.1% (33.5-36.7%) and 4.2% (3.5-4.9%), respectively.
: Urumqi, Beijing and Hong Kong represent communities at different stages of westernization and the results from these three cities reflect a worldwide trend for an increasing prevalence of allergies along with westernization. These three cities could assist in identifying risk factors involved in the increase in asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema.
评估乌鲁木齐和北京儿童哮喘及其他过敏症的患病率，并与香港儿童进行比较。
随机选取7754名小学生参与本研究。1995 - 1996年采用儿童哮喘和过敏症国际研究（ISAAC）方案收集6至7岁儿童的数据。研究设计及各方面的数据质量保证均遵循该方案，包括数据的双重录入。
问卷回复率很高（98.9%）。北京儿童在三个方面报告的哮喘病例显著多于乌鲁木齐儿童：过去一年胸部喘息或发出哨声（6.0%，95%置信区间（CI）：5.1 - 6.9% 对比 2.9%，2.3 - 3.5%，P < 0.001）、因喘息导致睡眠受扰（1.3%，0.9 - 1.7% 对比 0.6%，0.3 - 0.9%，P < 0.03）以及曾患哮喘（10.7%，9.6 - 11.8% 对比 7.6%，6.6 - 8.6%，P < 0.001）。两个城市过敏性鼻炎的患病率（分别以北京和乌鲁木齐12个月的鼻部症状估算为30.0%和31.1%）和湿疹的患病率（记录为12个月的瘙痒性皮疹，分别为2.8%和2.0%）无显著差异。1995年在香港也采用相同的ISAAC方案进行了类似研究。与香港儿童（n = 3618）相比，乌鲁木齐和北京的儿童过敏症状较少（P < 0.05）。在香港发现的12个月喘息患病率、鼻部症状患病率和瘙痒性皮疹患病率分别为9.2%（95% CI：8.2 - 10.2%）、35.1%（33.5 - 36.7%）和4.2%（3.5 - 4.9%）。
乌鲁木齐、北京和香港代表了处于不同西化阶段的社区，这三个城市的研究结果反映了全球范围内随着西化过敏症患病率上升的趋势。这三个城市有助于确定哮喘、过敏性鼻炎和湿疹患病率增加所涉及的风险因素。
