Saconato H, Atallah A
Clinical Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Rua Ewerton Cortez, 1483 - Tirol, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, 59. 020-620.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD000528. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000528.
Schistosomiasis is a parasite that is carried by freshwater snails. The intestinal form infects the intestine, liver and spleen and can be fatal.
The objective of this review was to assess the effects of oxamniquine or praziquantel for treating Schistosomiasis mansoni
We searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group trials register, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, Medline, Lilacs and reference lists of articles. The Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical and Brazilian Tropical Medicine Congress abstracts were handsearched
Randomised and quasi-randomised trials comparing oxamniquine and/or praziquantel to placebo for the treatment of Schistosomiasis mansoni.
Two reviewers independently assessed trial quality and extracted data.
Thirteen trials met the inclusion criteria. Praziquantel and oxamniquine were effective in curing Schistosoma mansoni infection when compared to placebo. In Africa, praziquantel 40 mg/Kg is more effective than oxamniquine 15 mg/Kg in individuals older than 14 years (OR 3.54, 95%CI 1.70, 7.38), but no difference was found when compared with oxamniquine 30 mg/Kg (OR 0.29, 95%CI 0.08, 1.01). In Brazil, praziquantel was equally effective when compared with oxamniquine in individuals older than 14 years (OR 1.70, 95%CI 0.83, 3.49). Both drugs appear safe. There was no difference in reinfection rate between zinc supplementation and placebo (OR 0.82, 95%CI 0.47, 1.41).
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: IPraziquantel and oxamniquine both appear to be effective for the treatment of Schistosomiasis mansoni, although lower doses of oxamniquine (less than 30 milligrams per kilogram) may not be as effective.
血吸虫病是一种由淡水螺传播的寄生虫病。肠道型血吸虫病会感染肠道、肝脏和脾脏，可能会致命。
本综述的目的是评估奥沙尼喹或吡喹酮治疗曼氏血吸虫病的效果。
我们检索了Cochrane传染病组试验注册库、Cochrane对照试验注册库、Medline、Lilacs以及文章的参考文献列表。还手工检索了《巴西热带医学学会杂志》和巴西热带医学大会的摘要。
比较奥沙尼喹和/或吡喹酮与安慰剂治疗曼氏血吸虫病的随机和半随机试验。
两名评价员独立评估试验质量并提取数据。
13项试验符合纳入标准。与安慰剂相比，吡喹酮和奥沙尼喹在治愈曼氏血吸虫感染方面有效。在非洲，对于14岁以上的个体，40mg/kg的吡喹酮比15mg/kg的奥沙尼喹更有效（比值比3.54，95%置信区间1.70，7.38），但与30mg/kg的奥沙尼喹相比未发现差异（比值比0.29，95%置信区间0.08，1.01）。在巴西，对于14岁以上的个体，吡喹酮与奥沙尼喹效果相当（比值比1.70，95%置信区间0.83，3.49）。两种药物似乎都安全。补锌与安慰剂在再感染率上没有差异（比值比0.82，95%置信区间0.47，1.41）。
吡喹酮和奥沙尼喹似乎都对曼氏血吸虫病有效，尽管较低剂量的奥沙尼喹（低于30毫克/千克）可能效果不佳。
