Abbot N C, Stead L F, White A R, Barnes J, Ernst E
Dept of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Leicester, 216 Goscote House, Sparkenhoe St, Leicester, UK, LE2 0TL.
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2000(2):CD001008. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD001008.
Hypnotherapy is widely promoted as a method for aiding smoking cessation. It is proposed to act on underlying impulses to weaken the desire to smoke or strengthen the will to stop.
The objective of this review was to evaluate the effects of hypnotherapy for smoking cessation.
We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group trials register.
We considered randomised trials of hypnotherapy which reported smoking cessation rates at least six months after the beginning of treatment.
Two reviewers extracted data on the type of subjects, the type and duration of the hypnotherapy, the nature of the control group,the outcome measures, method of randomisation, and completeness of follow-up. The main outcome measure was abstinence from smoking after at least six months follow-up in patients smoking at baseline. We used the most rigorous definition of abstinence in each trial, and biochemically validated rates where available. Subjects lost to follow-up were counted as smokers. Where possible, we performed meta-analysis using a fixed effects model.
Nine studies compared hypnotherapy with 14 different control interventions. There was significant heterogeneity between the results of the individual studies, with conflicting results for the effectiveness of hypnotherapy compared to no treatment or to advice. We therefore did not attempt to calculate pooled odds ratios for the overall effect of hypnotherapy. There was no evidence of an effect of hypnotherapy compared to rapid smoking or psychological treatment.
REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: We have not shown that hypnotherapy has a greater effect on six month quit rates than other interventions or no treatment. The effects of hypnotherapy on smoking cessation claimed by uncontrolled studies were not confirmed by analysis of randomised controlled trials.
催眠疗法作为一种辅助戒烟的方法被广泛推广。它被认为是通过作用于潜在冲动来削弱吸烟欲望或增强戒烟意志。
本综述的目的是评估催眠疗法对戒烟的效果。
我们检索了Cochrane烟草成瘾小组试验注册库。
我们纳入了催眠疗法的随机试验，这些试验报告了治疗开始后至少六个月的戒烟率。
两名综述作者提取了关于受试者类型、催眠疗法的类型和持续时间、对照组的性质、结局指标、随机化方法以及随访完整性的数据。主要结局指标是基线时吸烟的患者在至少六个月随访后的戒烟情况。我们采用了每个试验中最严格的戒烟定义，并在可行的情况下采用生化验证的戒烟率。失访的受试者被计为吸烟者。在可能的情况下，我们使用固定效应模型进行荟萃分析。
九项研究将催眠疗法与14种不同的对照干预措施进行了比较。各研究结果之间存在显著异质性，与不治疗或建议相比，催眠疗法有效性的结果相互矛盾。因此，我们没有尝试计算催眠疗法总体效果的合并比值比。与快速吸烟或心理治疗相比，没有证据表明催眠疗法有效果。
我们尚未表明催眠疗法对六个月戒烟率的影响比其他干预措施或不治疗更大。随机对照试验的分析未证实非对照研究中声称的催眠疗法对戒烟的效果。
