Melhado V E, Tavares A, Kohlmann O, Zanella M T, Ribeiro A B
Nephrology Section, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, Brazil.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 2000 May;71(5):531-5.
In order to evaluate the impact of in-flight stress on BP and sympathetic activity during a short fixed-wing flight, we have studied 18 healthy and normotensive commercial captain aviators, aged 37.5 +/- 4.9 yr.
The protocol consisted of a 120-min flight period, divided into segments of pre-flight, take off, mid-cruise, approach and landing, and a 120-min control period. In both flight and control periods, all subjects underwent BP monitoring, heart rate recording and urine collection for catecholamines.
Systolic and diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) were higher during the flight, as a whole, when compared with the control period (134 +/- 11 vs. 121 +/- 8 mmHg, p < 0.05 and 84 +/- 8 vs. 76 +/- 9 mmHg, p < 0.05, respectively). During the flight period, SBP increased in the pre-flight, take-off, approach and landing segments, whereas DBP increased in the take-off, mid-cruise, approach and landing segments. Heart rate did not change in any flight segment. Urinary catecholamines increased during the flight period in comparison to control period 0.20 (0.10 1.8) mg x mg-1 creatinine vs. 0.10 (0.10-1.0) mg x mg-1 creatinine; p < 0.05).
We conclude that inflight stress increases BP of the normotensive aviators by sympathetic activation during short-haul flights.
为了评估短程固定翼飞行期间飞行应激对血压（BP）和交感神经活动的影响，我们研究了18名年龄为37.5±4.9岁的健康、血压正常的商业机长飞行员。
实验方案包括一个120分钟的飞行时段，分为飞行前、起飞、巡航中期、进近和着陆阶段，以及一个120分钟的对照时段。在飞行和对照时段，所有受试者均接受血压监测、心率记录，并收集尿液用于检测儿茶酚胺。
总体而言，与对照时段相比，飞行期间收缩压和舒张压（SBP/DBP）更高（分别为134±11 vs. 121±8 mmHg，p<0.05；84±8 vs. 76±9 mmHg，p<0.05）。在飞行期间，飞行前、起飞、进近和着陆阶段SBP升高，而起飞、巡航中期、进近和着陆阶段DBP升高。心率在任何飞行阶段均未发生变化。与对照时段相比，飞行期间尿儿茶酚胺增加（0.20（0.101.8）mg·mg-1肌酐vs. 0.10（0.101.0）mg·mg-1肌酐；p<0.05）。
我们得出结论，在短途飞行期间，飞行应激通过交感神经激活使血压正常的飞行员血压升高。
