Eaton L, Louw J
Department of Psychology, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
J Soc Psychol. 2000 Apr;140(2):210-7. doi: 10.1080/00224540009600461.
People from collectivist cultures may have more concrete and interdependent self-concepts than do people from individualist cultures (G. Hofstede, 1980). African cultures are considered collectivist (H. C. Triandis, 1989), but research on self-concept and culture has neglected this continent. The authors attempted a partial replication in an African context of cross-cultural findings on the abstract-concrete and independent-interdependent dimensions of self-construal (referred to as the abstract-specific and the autonomous-social dimensions, respectively, by E. Rhee, J. S. Uleman, H. K. Lee, & R. J. Roman, 1995). University students in South Africa took the 20 Statements Test (M. Kuhn & T. S. McPartland, 1954; Rhee et al.); home languages were rough indicators of cultural identity. The authors used 3 coding schemes to analyze the content of 78 protocols from African-language speakers and 77 protocols from English speakers. In accord with predictions from individualism-collectivism theory, the African-language speakers produced more interdependent and concrete self-descriptions than did the English speakers. Additional findings concerned the orthogonality of the 2 dimensions and the nature and assessment of the social self-concept.
与来自个人主义文化的人相比，来自集体主义文化的人可能具有更具体、更相互依存的自我概念（G. 霍夫斯泰德，1980年）。非洲文化被认为是集体主义的（H. C. 特里安德斯，1989年），但关于自我概念与文化的研究却忽视了这片大陆。作者尝试在非洲背景下对自我建构的抽象-具体维度和独立-相互依存维度（E. 李、J. S. 乌尔曼、H. K. 李和R. J. 罗曼于1995年分别称为抽象-特定维度和自主-社会维度）的跨文化研究结果进行部分重复验证。南非的大学生参加了20条陈述测验（M. 库恩和T. S. 麦克帕特兰，1954年；李等人）；母语是文化身份的粗略指标。作者使用三种编码方案来分析78份以非洲语言为母语者的记录内容和77份以英语为母语者的记录内容。与个人主义-集体主义理论的预测一致，以非洲语言为母语者比以英语为母语者给出了更多相互依存和具体的自我描述。其他研究结果涉及这两个维度的正交性以及社会自我概念的性质和评估。
