Chew M H, Arguin P M, Shay D K, Goh K T, Rollin P E, Shieh W J, Zaki S R, Rota P A, Ling A E, Ksiazek T G, Chew S K, Anderson L J
Institute of Environmental Epidemiology, Ministry of the Environment, Singapore.
J Infect Dis. 2000 May;181(5):1760-3. doi: 10.1086/315443. Epub 2000 May 3.
During 10-19 March 1999, 11 workers in 1 of 2 Singaporean abattoirs developed Nipah-virus associated encephalitis or pneumonia, resulting in 1 fatality. A case-control study was conducted to determine occupational risk factors for infection. Case patients were abattoir A workers who had anti-Nipah IgM antibodies; control subjects were randomly selected abattoir A workers who tested negative for anti-Nipah IgM. All 13 case patients versus 26 (63%) of 41 control subjects reported contact with live pigs (P=.01). Swine importation from Malaysian states concurrently experiencing a Nipah virus outbreak was banned on 3 March 1999; on 19 March 1999, importation of Malaysian pigs was banned, and abattoirs were closed. No unusual illnesses among pigs processed during February-March were reported. Contact with live pigs appeared to be the most important risk factor for human Nipah virus infection. Direct contact with live, potentially infected pigs should be minimized to prevent transmission of this potentially fatal zoonosis to humans.
1999年3月10日至19日期间，新加坡两家屠宰场中的一家有11名工人感染了与尼帕病毒相关的脑炎或肺炎，导致1人死亡。开展了一项病例对照研究以确定感染的职业风险因素。病例患者为屠宰场A中检测出抗尼帕IgM抗体的工人；对照对象为随机选取的屠宰场A中抗尼帕IgM检测呈阴性的工人。所有13例病例患者中有13人报告接触过生猪，而41名对照对象中有26人（63%）报告接触过生猪（P=0.01）。1999年3月3日，禁止从同时出现尼帕病毒疫情的马来西亚各州进口生猪；1999年3月19日，禁止进口马来西亚生猪，屠宰场关闭。未报告2月至3月期间屠宰的生猪出现任何异常疾病。接触生猪似乎是人类感染尼帕病毒的最重要风险因素。应尽量减少与活的、可能感染的猪的直接接触，以防止这种潜在致命的人畜共患病传播给人类。
