Stanley J C, Frey C F, Miller T A, Lindenauer S M, Child C G
Arch Surg. 1976 Apr;111(4):435-40. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1976.01360220131022.
Twelve patients (11 men, one woman), aged 18 to 68 years, had major arterial hemorrhage as a direct complication of pancreatic pseudocysts and chronic pancreatitis. Chronic alcoholism (11 patients) and blunt abdominal trauma (one patient) were the basis for pancreatic disease. Spontaneous hemorrhage occurred in eight patients. Bleeding occurred into the gastrointestinal tract (eight patients), into the peritoneal cavity (four patients), and was intracystic (one patient). Splenic, pancreaticoduodenal, gastroduodenal, and gastroepiploic arteries were sources of hemorrhage. Operative procedures included local control of bleeding (six patients), distal pancreatectomy (three patients), and pancreaticoduodenectomy (one patient). Four patients died of hemorrhagic complications of pancreatic disease, including one not subjected to operation. Extirpation of diseased pancreatic tissue may lessen the morbidity and mortality attributed to this complication of pancreatitis.
12例患者（11例男性，1例女性），年龄在18至68岁之间，因胰腺假性囊肿和慢性胰腺炎的直接并发症而发生严重动脉出血。慢性酒精中毒（11例患者）和钝性腹部创伤（1例患者）是胰腺疾病的病因。8例患者发生自发性出血。出血部位包括胃肠道（8例患者）、腹腔（4例患者）和囊肿内（1例患者）。脾动脉、胰十二指肠动脉、胃十二指肠动脉和胃网膜动脉是出血来源。手术方式包括局部止血（6例患者）、胰体尾切除术（3例患者）和胰十二指肠切除术（1例患者）。4例患者死于胰腺疾病的出血并发症，其中1例未接受手术。切除病变胰腺组织可能会降低胰腺炎这一并发症所致的发病率和死亡率。
