Byrne B
Department of Human Biology and Movement Science, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
Adolescence. 2000 Spring;35(137):201-15.
This study investigated the relationships between anxiety, fear, self-esteem, and coping strategies in a sample of 224 postprimary students (years 7, 9, and 12) in Australia. In particular, it sought to determine whether there were any significant changes between years 7 and 12 and, if so, whether these changes were gender specific. The results indicated that the girls had consistently low levels of self-esteem. The boys showed a significant decrease in both anxiety and fear by year 12. For the coping strategies, a three-factor solution accounted for 64.2% of the variance. Finally, the findings suggested that, by year 12, boys and girls were using different coping strategies, with boys more successfully reducing both fear and anxiety.
本研究调查了澳大利亚224名小学高年级学生（7年级、9年级和12年级）样本中焦虑、恐惧、自尊和应对策略之间的关系。具体而言，研究试图确定7年级和12年级之间是否存在任何显著变化，如果存在，这些变化是否存在性别差异。结果表明，女孩的自尊水平一直较低。到12年级时，男孩的焦虑和恐惧水平显著下降。对于应对策略，一个三因素解决方案解释了64.2%的方差。最后，研究结果表明，到12年级时，男孩和女孩使用不同的应对策略，男孩在减轻恐惧和焦虑方面更为成功。
