Zhou J F, Yan X F, Guo F Z, Sun N Y, Qian Z J, Ding D Y
The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of the Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Biomed Environ Sci. 2000 Mar;13(1):44-55.
In order to study effects of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation on plasma constituents and enzyme activities related to oxidative stress, 1255 smokers and 524 healthy non-smokers were investigated in terms of plasma levels of lipoperoxides (LPO), nitric oxide (NO), vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and beta-carotene (beta-CAR). Additionally, erythrocytes were examined to determine the level of LPO, the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). The results showed that, when compared with the average values of the non-smoker group, the average plasma values of LPO, NO and the average erythrocyte value of LPO in the smoker group were significantly increased (P < 0. 001), while the average plasma values of VC, VE, beta-CAR, and the average erythrocyte activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px were significantly decreased (P < 0.001). A linear regression and correlation analysis for 65 male smokers who were all 40 years old showed that with longer smoking duration and greater daily smoking quantity, the plasma values of LPO, NO and the erythrocyte value of LPO were elevated, while the plasma values of VC, VE, beta-CAR and erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px were decreased. In a group of 73 smokers who stopped smoking completely for six months, the average plasma values of LPO, NO and the average erythrocyte value of LPO decreased, although they were still significantly higher than those in the matched non-smoker group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the average plasma values of VC, VE, beta-CAR and the average erythrocyte values of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px increased, although they were still significantly lower than those in the matched non-smoker group (P < 0.05). However, after smoking cessation for one year the above average values were not significantly different from those in the matched non-smoker group (P > 0.05). This finding indicates that the markedly increased oxidative stress in smokers might gradually return to normal but only after a long period of smoking cessation. In conclusion, in the bodies of smokers a series of free radical chain reactions were gravely aggravated, the dynamic balance between oxidation and antioxidation was seriously disrupted, and oxidative stress was clearly exacerbated, which is closely related to many disorders or diseases in smokers. The present study underscored the need, urgency and importance of complete smoking cessation.
为了研究吸烟及戒烟对与氧化应激相关的血浆成分和酶活性的影响，我们对1255名吸烟者和524名健康非吸烟者的血浆脂质过氧化物（LPO）、一氧化氮（NO）、维生素C（VC）、维生素E（VE）和β-胡萝卜素（β-CAR）水平进行了调查。此外，还检测了红细胞的LPO水平、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）的活性。结果显示，与非吸烟组的平均值相比，吸烟组的血浆LPO、NO平均值以及红细胞LPO平均值显著升高（P<0.001），而血浆VC、VE、β-CAR平均值以及红细胞SOD、CAT、GSH-Px活性显著降低（P<0.001）。对65名均为40岁的男性吸烟者进行线性回归和相关性分析发现，吸烟时间越长、每日吸烟量越大，血浆LPO、NO值以及红细胞LPO值越高，而血浆VC、VE、β-CAR值以及红细胞SOD、CAT、GSH-Px值越低。在一组73名完全戒烟6个月的吸烟者中，血浆LPO、NO平均值以及红细胞LPO平均值有所下降，尽管仍显著高于匹配的非吸烟组（P<0.05）。此外，血浆VC、VE、β-CAR平均值以及红细胞SOD、CAT、GSH-Px平均值有所上升，尽管仍显著低于匹配的非吸烟组（P<0.05）。然而，戒烟一年后上述平均值与匹配的非吸烟组无显著差异（P>0.05）。这一发现表明，吸烟者中明显增加的氧化应激可能会逐渐恢复正常，但需要长时间戒烟。总之，在吸烟者体内，一系列自由基链式反应严重加剧，氧化与抗氧化之间的动态平衡严重破坏，氧化应激明显加剧，这与吸烟者的许多病症或疾病密切相关。本研究强调了完全戒烟的必要性、紧迫性和重要性。
