Benes B, Spĕvácková V, Smíd J, Cejchanová M, Cerná M, Subrt P, Marecek J
National Institute of Public Health, Prague, Czech Republic.
Cent Eur J Public Health. 2000 May;8(2):117-9.
Knowledge of normal levels of concentrations of trace elements (Cd, Pb, Hg, Cu, Zn, and Se) in the population serves, among others, in design of regulations concerning health protection, determination of exposure limits and prevention of diseases caused by deficiency of trace elements. Concentrations of the named elements in whole blood of the Czech population were determined by means of atomic absorption spectrometry. The blood was collected during 1996-1998 from 1,216 blood donors (896 males and 320 females, average age 33 years) and 758 children (397 boys and 361 girls, average age 9.9 years). Mineralisation in a microwave digestion system was used in sample preparation. The accuracy of results was checked by means of the Control material Seronorm Whole Blood 404107 and Seronorm Serum 704121, Nycomed. Values of concentrations of the trace elements in blood found for adult (medians) were 0.7 microgram Cd.l-1, 800 micrograms Cu.l-1, 0.78 microgram Hg.l-1, 41 micrograms Pb.l-1, 76 micrograms Se.l-1, and 5,800 micrograms Zn.l-1, respectively. Statistically significant differences between men and women have been found in the concentrations of Cu, Hg, Pb, and Zn. In the juvenile population following medians of concentrations have been found: 0.15 microgram Cd.l-1, 1,047 micrograms Cu.l-1, 0.46 microgram Hg.l-1, 34 micrograms Pb.l-1, 69 micrograms Se.l-1, and 8,180 micrograms Zn.l-1. Statistically significant differences between boys and girls were found only in Pb and Zn concentrations. Concentrations of the studied elements correspond to the published values concerning population not exposed professionally.
了解人群中微量元素（镉、铅、汞、铜、锌和硒）的正常浓度水平，除其他作用外，有助于制定健康保护法规、确定接触限值以及预防微量元素缺乏引起的疾病。采用原子吸收光谱法测定了捷克人群全血中上述元素的浓度。血液样本于1996年至1998年采集，来自1216名献血者（896名男性和320名女性，平均年龄33岁）以及758名儿童（397名男孩和361名女孩，平均年龄9.9岁）。样本制备采用微波消解系统进行矿化处理。通过使用挪威奈科明公司的质控物质血清标准物质全血404107和血清标准物质血清704121来检验结果的准确性。所发现的成人血液中微量元素浓度值（中位数）分别为：镉0.7微克/升、铜800微克/升、汞0.78微克/升、铅41微克/升、硒76微克/升和锌5800微克/升。在铜、汞、铅和锌的浓度方面，发现男性和女性之间存在统计学上的显著差异。在青少年人群中，发现以下浓度中位数：镉0.15微克/升、铜1047微克/升、汞0.46微克/升、铅34微克/升、硒69微克/升和锌8180微克/升。仅在铅和锌的浓度方面发现男孩和女孩之间存在统计学上的显著差异。所研究元素的浓度与已发表的非职业接触人群的值相符。
