Lovejoy M C, Graczyk P A, O'Hare E, Neuman G
Department of Psychology, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb 60115, USA.
Clin Psychol Rev. 2000 Aug;20(5):561-92. doi: 10.1016/s0272-7358(98)00100-7.
The results of 46 observational studies were analyzed to assess the strength of the association between depression and parenting behavior and to identify variables that moderated the effects. The association between depression and parenting was manifest most strongly for negative maternal behavior and was evident to a somewhat lesser degree in disengagement from the child. The association between depression and positive maternal behavior was relatively weak, albeit significant. Effects for negative maternal behavior were moderated by timing of the depression: Current depression was associated with the largest effects. However, residual effects of prior depression were apparent for all behaviors. Socioeconomic status, child age, and methodological variables moderated the effects for positive behavior: Effects were strongest for studies of disadvantaged women and mothers of infants. Studies using diagnostic interviews and self-report measures yielded similar effects, suggesting that deficits are not specific to depressive disorder. Research is needed to identify factors that affect the magnitude of parenting deficits among women who are experiencing depression and other psychological difficulties.
分析了46项观察性研究的结果，以评估抑郁症与养育行为之间关联的强度，并确定调节其影响的变量。抑郁症与养育之间的关联在母亲的消极行为中表现得最为强烈，在与孩子脱离接触方面的程度略低。抑郁症与母亲的积极行为之间的关联相对较弱，尽管具有显著性。母亲消极行为的影响因抑郁症发作时间而异：当前的抑郁症影响最大。然而，先前抑郁症的残留影响在所有行为中都很明显。社会经济地位、孩子年龄和方法学变量调节了积极行为的影响：对弱势女性和婴儿母亲的研究中影响最强。使用诊断访谈和自我报告测量方法的研究产生了类似的效果，这表明这些缺陷并非抑郁症所特有。需要开展研究以确定影响患有抑郁症和其他心理问题的女性养育缺陷程度的因素。
