Cavadini C, Siega-Riz A M, Popkin B M
Nestle Research Center, Nestec Ltd, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Arch Dis Child. 2000 Jul;83(1):18-24. doi: 10.1136/adc.83.1.18.
To examine adolescent food consumption trends in the United States with important chronic disease implications.
Analysis of dietary intake data from four nationally representative United States Department of Agriculture surveys of individuals 11-18 years of age (n = 12 498).
From 1965 to 1996, a considerable shift in the adolescent diet occurred. Total energy intake decreased as did the proportion of energy from total fat (39% to 32%) and saturated fat (15% to 12%). Concurrent increases occurred in the consumption of higher fat potatoes and mixed dishes (pizza, macaroni cheese). Lower fat milks replaced higher fat milks but total milk consumption decreased by 36%. This decrease was accompanied by an increase in consumption of soft drinks and non-citrus juices. An increase in high fat potato consumption led to an increase in vegetable intake but the number of servings for fruits and vegetables is still below the recommended five per day. Iron, folate, and calcium intakes continue to be below recommendations for girls.
These trends, far greater than for US adults, may compromise health of the future US population.
研究美国青少年的食物消费趋势及其对重要慢性病的影响。
分析来自美国农业部四项全国代表性调查中11至18岁个体（n = 12498）的饮食摄入数据。
1965年至1996年期间，青少年饮食发生了显著变化。总能量摄入量下降，总脂肪提供的能量比例（从39%降至32%）和饱和脂肪提供的能量比例（从15%降至12%）也下降。高脂肪土豆和混合菜肴（披萨、通心粉奶酪）的消费量同时增加。低脂牛奶取代了高脂牛奶，但牛奶总消费量下降了36%。这种下降伴随着软饮料和非柑橘类果汁消费量的增加。高脂肪土豆消费量的增加导致蔬菜摄入量增加，但水果和蔬菜的份数仍低于建议的每日五份。女孩的铁、叶酸和钙摄入量仍低于建议水平。
这些趋势对美国成年人的影响要大得多，可能会损害美国未来人口的健康。
