Nederkoorn C, Smulders F T, Jansen A
Department of Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Appetite. 2000 Aug;35(1):45-55. doi: 10.1006/appe.2000.0328.
Cephalic phase responses (CPRs) are elicited during exposure to food cues. They gear up the body to optimize digestion or they compensate for unwanted changes during a meal. The cue reactivity model of binge eating predicts that CPRs are experienced as craving for food, thereby increasing food intake and playing a role in abnormal eating behaviour. The present experiment was designed to measure CPRs in normal women and to examine its relationship with craving, food intake and restraint. Results show that normal subjects do react to food exposure with changes in heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV), salivation, blood pressure, skin conductance and gastric activity. These CPRs presumably gear up the body and presumably do not reflect compensatory responses. Significant correlations between restraint and blood pressure, between blood pressure and craving, and between craving and food intake were also found. These results are in line with the cue reactivity model and suggest that research into physiological CPRs and craving in the field of eating disorders is valuable.
头期反应（CPRs）在接触食物线索时被引发。它们使身体做好准备以优化消化，或者在进餐期间补偿不必要的变化。暴饮暴食的线索反应模型预测，头期反应被体验为对食物的渴望，从而增加食物摄入量，并在异常饮食行为中起作用。本实验旨在测量正常女性的头期反应，并研究其与渴望、食物摄入量和节制之间的关系。结果表明，正常受试者确实会因接触食物而出现心率、心率变异性（HRV）、唾液分泌、血压、皮肤电导率和胃活动的变化。这些头期反应大概是使身体做好准备，大概并不反映代偿性反应。还发现节制与血压之间、血压与渴望之间以及渴望与食物摄入量之间存在显著相关性。这些结果与线索反应模型一致，并表明在饮食失调领域对生理性头期反应和渴望的研究是有价值的。
