Allard B, Templier J
Laboratoire de Chimie Bioorganique et Organique Physique, UMR CNRS 7573, E.N.S.C.P., Paris, France.
Phytochemistry. 2000 Jun;54(4):369-80. doi: 10.1016/s0031-9422(00)00135-7.
The neutral lipid profiles of nine species of thin trilaminar outer wall (TLS)-containing freshwater and marine microalgae from the class of Chlorophyceae were studied with emphasis on the relationship between the lipid content and the occurrence of insoluble non-hydrolysable biopolymer (i.e. algaenan). All the freshwater microalgae produce a highly aliphatic algaenan. In sharp contrast, no algaenan was isolated from the two marine microalgae, Chlorella marina and Chlorella minutissima marina, supporting the absence of a close relationship between the presence of TLS and the occurrence of algaenan. High molecular weight straight-chain hydrocarbons (C23-C29) were identified in most of the algaenan-producing microalgae and in the algaenan-devoid C. minutissima marina, whereas only low molecular weight hydrocarbons were detected in algaenan-producing Scenedesmus subspicatus and in algaenan-devoid C. marina. Sterols, phytol and fatty alcohols were the major constituents of the polar fraction of the neutral lipids of all the microalgae investigated. High molecular weight saturated or mono-unsaturated alcohols were detected in C. emersonii and in all the microalgae belonging to the genus Scenedesmus. High amounts of saturated C30 and C32 alpha,omega-diols were also detected in S. subspicatus, S. armatus and S. pannonicus. Three classes of lipids were encountered in very small amounts in the medium polarity fraction of the neutral lipids of the microalgae investigated: (i) Monoesters composed predominantly of saturated C16 or C18 fatty acids and saturated C8, C16 or C18 alcohols and (ii) long-chain methyl ketones from C25 to C31 were detected in several species and (iii) methyl esters of fatty acids ranging from C16 to C28 were identified in all the microalgae. Attempts to use the neutral lipid composition and particularly the unusual long-chain lipids, as specific indicators of the occurrence of algaenan in TLS-containing microalgae were unsuccessful.
研究了绿藻纲9种含薄三层外壁（TLS）的淡水和海洋微藻的中性脂质谱，重点关注脂质含量与不溶性非水解生物聚合物（即藻烷）的存在之间的关系。所有淡水微藻都产生高度脂肪族的藻烷。与之形成鲜明对比的是，未从两种海洋微藻——海洋小球藻和极小海洋小球藻中分离出藻烷，这支持了TLS的存在与藻烷的出现之间不存在密切关系。在大多数产生藻烷的微藻以及不含藻烷的极小海洋小球藻中鉴定出了高分子量直链烃（C23 - C29），而在产生藻烷的近刺栅藻和不含藻烷的海洋小球藻中仅检测到低分子量烃。甾醇、叶绿醇和脂肪醇是所有研究微藻中性脂质极性部分的主要成分。在埃默森小球藻和所有属于栅藻属的微藻中检测到了高分子量饱和或单不饱和醇。在近刺栅藻、武装栅藻和潘诺尼亚栅藻中还检测到了大量饱和的C30和C32α,ω - 二醇。在所研究微藻中性脂质的中等极性部分中，发现了三类含量极少的脂质：（i）主要由饱和C16或C18脂肪酸和饱和C8、C16或C18醇组成的单酯，（ii）在几个物种中检测到了C25至C31的长链甲基酮，（iii）在所有微藻中都鉴定出了C16至C28的脂肪酸甲酯。试图将中性脂质组成，特别是不寻常的长链脂质，用作含TLS微藻中藻烷出现的特定指标，但未成功。
