Moshi N H, Minja B M, Ole-Lengine L, Mwakagile D S
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
East Afr Med J. 2000 Jan;77(1):20-2.
To determine the aetiology of chronic otitis media (COM) in Dar es Salaam and to find out the shelf life of boric acid in spirit ear drops (BAISED).
Cross-sectional study.
Muhimbili Medical Centre and selected primary schools within Dar es Salaam.
Bacterial isolates and their sensitivity patterns and shelf life of BAISED.
One hundred and seventy six pus swab specimens obtained from 150 patients with COM for more than three months were submitted for culture and antimicrobial sensitivity testing in 1997.
The isolates included Pseudomonas aeruginosa (51.7%), Staphylococcus aureus (17.2%), Proteus mirabilis (13.2%), Klebsiella spp. (8.0%), Escherichia coli (5.8%) and unidentified coliforms in 4.0%. All isolates were sensitive to gentamicin. Sensitivity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Proteus mirabilis to kanamycin was 98.5% and 100%, respectively. P. aeruginosa was sensitive to chloramphenicol, ampicillin and tetracycline by 58.1%, 10.1% and 8.3%, respectively. Three per cent BAISED inhibited the growth of all Pseudomonas aeruginosa even after it has been stored at room temperature for six weeks.
Based on these results, the drug of choice for management of COM in Dar es Salaam is gentamicin. However, given its ototoxicity effects and the fact that BAISED is effective and affordable, the later should be the treatment of choice.
确定达累斯萨拉姆慢性中耳炎（COM）的病因，并了解硼酸酒精滴耳液（BAISED）的保质期。
横断面研究。
穆希姆比利医疗中心及达累斯萨拉姆市内选定的小学。
细菌分离株及其药敏模式以及BAISED的保质期。
1997年，从150例患COM超过三个月的患者中获取176份脓液拭子标本，进行培养及抗菌药敏试验。
分离株包括铜绿假单胞菌（51.7%）、金黄色葡萄球菌（17.2%）、奇异变形杆菌（13.2%）、克雷伯菌属（8.0%）、大肠埃希菌（5.8%）以及4.0%的未鉴定大肠菌。所有分离株对庆大霉素敏感。铜绿假单胞菌和奇异变形杆菌对卡那霉素的敏感性分别为98.5%和100%。铜绿假单胞菌对氯霉素、氨苄西林和四环素的敏感性分别为58.1%、10.1%和8.3%。即使在室温下储存六周后，3%的BAISED仍能抑制所有铜绿假单胞菌的生长。
基于这些结果，达累斯萨拉姆治疗COM的首选药物是庆大霉素。然而，鉴于其耳毒性作用以及BAISED有效且价格低廉的事实，后者应作为首选治疗药物。
