Rossetto C L, McMahon J E
Department of Pediatrics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA.
J Pediatr Oncol Nurs. 2000 Jul;17(3):160-73. doi: 10.1053/jpon.2000.8064.
The increase in intensive treatment for cancer has impacted blood product transfusion practices. Transfusion guidelines are primarily institution specific, but the general concepts and theories are universal. Blood product screening has decreased the risk of transfusion-acquired infections; however, the risk is not obsolete. This article reviews current approaches to platelet, white blood cell, and red blood cell transfusions, as well as risks associated with these therapies (e.g., infection and transfusion-associated graft-versus-host disease). Pertinent laboratory studies, patient assessment, blood product administration, and patient education is discussed. The current approaches to platelet, white blood cell, and red blood cell transfusions are constantly changed and evaluated. Pediatric oncology nurses must stay up to date with these changes to provide optimal patient care.
癌症强化治疗的增加影响了血液制品的输血实践。输血指南主要因机构而异，但一般概念和理论是通用的。血液制品筛查降低了输血获得性感染的风险；然而，这种风险并未消除。本文回顾了目前血小板、白细胞和红细胞输血的方法，以及这些治疗相关的风险（如感染和输血相关移植物抗宿主病）。还讨论了相关的实验室研究、患者评估、血液制品给药和患者教育。目前血小板、白细胞和红细胞输血的方法不断变化并得到评估。儿科肿瘤护理人员必须跟上这些变化，以提供最佳的患者护理。
