Visalberghi Elisabetta, Quarantotti Benedetta Pellegrini, Tranchida Flaminia
Istituto di Psicologia del Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche.
J Comp Psychol. 2000 Sep;114(3):297-301. doi: 10.1037/0735-7036.114.3.297.
Four pairs of tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) were tested in a task requiring that both partners pull a handle simultaneously in order for both to be rewarded. The experimental design, an improved version of that of R. Chalmeau, E. Visalberghi, and A. Gallo (1997), aimed at assessing the extent to which a monkey that is pulling takes account of the behavior and spatial position of its partner, that is, whether the monkey understands what cooperation involves. Although all pairs succeeded, pulling was not affected by the partner's behavior, and it was affected only to a certain extent by the partner's spatial position. In addition, more experienced capuchins did not outperform naive individuals. The finding that capuchins were successful without understanding the role of the partner suggests that their cooperation is not cognitively grounded, as has been argued in descriptions of the hunting behavior of wild capuchins.
四对簇绒卷尾猴（僧帽猴）接受了一项任务测试，该任务要求两只猴子同时拉动把手，这样它们俩才能都得到奖励。实验设计是R. 沙尔莫、E. 维萨尔贝吉和A. 加洛（1997年）实验设计的改进版本，目的是评估正在拉动把手的猴子在多大程度上会考虑其伙伴的行为和空间位置，也就是说，这只猴子是否理解合作的内涵。尽管所有的猴子对都成功完成了任务，但拉动行为不受伙伴行为的影响，仅在一定程度上受伙伴空间位置的影响。此外，经验更丰富的卷尾猴并没有比没有经验的个体表现得更好。卷尾猴在不理解伙伴角色的情况下就能成功完成任务，这一发现表明它们的合作并非基于认知，就像在对野生卷尾猴狩猎行为的描述中所论证的那样。
