Steyaert L
Dept. of Radiology, Medical Imaging, AZ St-Jan, Brugge, Belgium.
JBR-BTR. 2000 Jun;83(3):121-2.
Breast sonography has been a standard complementary procedure to mammography for more than 10 years. In recent years, a tremendous technological evolution has taken place both at the level of the equipment, electronics and software, and in probe technology. This has resulted in a substantial increase in image quality (contrast ans spatial resolution) and in Doppler sensitivity. The use of linear probes of at least 7 MHz is mandatory, and frequencies of over 10 MHz are becoming standard now. Sonography of the breast not only permits differentiation between solid and cystic lesion, but also gives additional morphological details which enable differentiation between benign and malignant lesions. US increases both sensitivity and specificity of the breast exam when combined with X-ray mammography. It is also the method of choice for guiding interventional procedures, such as hook wire placement, FNAC, or core biopsy. Doppler has been used since the seventies (continuous wave Doppler), but more recently the use of color Doppler has proven to be valuable in the study of the vascularity of breast lesions.
十多年来，乳腺超声检查一直是乳腺X线摄影的标准辅助检查方法。近年来，设备、电子技术和软件以及探头技术都发生了巨大的技术变革。这使得图像质量（对比度和空间分辨率）以及多普勒灵敏度大幅提高。必须使用至少7MHz的线性探头，现在超过10MHz的频率也正成为标准。乳腺超声检查不仅可以区分实性和囊性病变，还能提供更多形态学细节，从而有助于区分良性和恶性病变。超声与乳腺X线摄影相结合时，可提高乳腺检查的灵敏度和特异性。它也是引导介入性操作（如放置钩丝、细针穿刺抽吸活检或粗针活检）的首选方法。自20世纪70年代以来就已使用多普勒（连续波多普勒），但最近已证明彩色多普勒在研究乳腺病变的血管方面很有价值。
