Lluch A, King N A, Blundell J E
BioPsychology Group, School of Psychology, University of Leeds, UK.
Br J Nutr. 2000 Aug;84(2):219-25.
The objective of this investigation was to compare the acute effects of exercise and diet manipulations on energy intake, between dietary restrained and unrestrained females. Comparisons of two studies using an identical 2 x 2 repeated-measures design (level of activity (rest or exercise) and lunch type (high-fat or low-fat)) including thirteen dietary unrestrained and twelve restrained females were performed. Energy expenditure during the rest session was estimated and the energy cost of exercise was measured by indirect calorimetry. Relative energy intake was calculated by subtracting the energy expenditure of the exercise session from the energy intake of the test meal. Post-meal hedonic ratings were completed after lunch. Energy intake and relative energy intake increased during high-fat conditions compared with the low-fat, independently of exercise (P < 0.001). There was a positive relationship between dietary restraint scores and energy intake or relative energy intake in the rest conditions only (r 0.54, P < 0.01). The decrease of relative energy intake between the rest and exercise conditions was higher in restrained than in unrestrained eaters (P < 0.01). These results confirm that a high-fat diet reversed the energy deficit due to exercise. There was no energy compensation in response to an acute bout of exercise during the following meal. In restrained eaters, exercise was more effective in creating an energy deficit than in unrestrained eaters. Exercise may help restrained eaters to maintain control over appetite.
本研究的目的是比较运动和饮食控制对饮食受限和不受限女性能量摄入的急性影响。对两项采用相同2×2重复测量设计（活动水平（休息或运动）和午餐类型（高脂肪或低脂肪））的研究进行了比较，其中包括13名饮食不受限和12名饮食受限的女性。估计了休息期间的能量消耗，并通过间接测热法测量了运动的能量消耗。通过从测试餐的能量摄入中减去运动期间的能量消耗来计算相对能量摄入。午餐后完成餐后享乐评分。与低脂情况相比，高脂肪情况下的能量摄入和相对能量摄入增加，与运动无关（P<0.001）。仅在休息状态下，饮食限制得分与能量摄入或相对能量摄入之间存在正相关（r=0.54，P<0.01）。饮食受限者在休息和运动状态之间相对能量摄入的减少高于饮食不受限者（P<0.01）。这些结果证实，高脂肪饮食逆转了运动导致的能量不足。在下一餐期间，对急性运动发作没有能量补偿。在饮食受限者中，运动在造成能量不足方面比饮食不受限者更有效。运动可能有助于饮食受限者维持对食欲的控制。
