Luecken L J
Behavioral Medicine Research Center, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
J Psychosom Res. 2000 Jul;49(1):85-91. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3999(00)00151-3.
This study examined developmental antecedents to psychosocial traits in adulthood that have been linked in prior studies to increased risk of heart disease. The hypothesis was tested that early parental loss coupled with poor-quality family relationships (FR) during childhood would be associated with increased hostility and depression, and lower social support in adulthood.
Participants included 30 university students who experienced the death of one parent before the age of 16, and 31 control participants. Questionnaires were completed measuring current social support, hostility, depression, and the quality of FR.
Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) supported the hypothesis of maladaptive psychosocial characteristics in loss participants reporting poorer-quality FR. Significant interactions of loss and FR were found for individual variables of depressive symptoms, social support, and hostility.
These results provide evidence that parental loss in childhood is associated with health-damaging psychosocial characteristics in adulthood only if the quality of the surviving FR is poor.
本研究调查了成年期心理社会特质的发展前因，这些特质在先前研究中与心脏病风险增加有关。研究假设为，童年时期早年父母离世并伴有不良家庭关系，会与成年期敌意增加、抑郁以及社会支持降低相关。
参与者包括30名在16岁之前经历过父母一方死亡的大学生以及31名对照参与者。完成问卷调查以测量当前的社会支持、敌意、抑郁以及家庭关系质量。
多变量方差分析（MANOVA）支持了在报告不良家庭关系质量的丧亲参与者中存在适应不良心理社会特征的假设。在抑郁症状、社会支持和敌意等个体变量上发现了丧亲与家庭关系的显著交互作用。
这些结果表明，只有在幸存的家庭关系质量较差时，童年时期父母丧亲才会与成年期损害健康的心理社会特征相关。
