Adams J, Terry M A, Rebchook G M, O'Donnell L, Kelly J A, Leonard N R, Neumann M S
Family Health Council, Inc., Pittsburgh, PA 15222, USA.
AIDS Educ Prev. 2000;12(5 Suppl):75-86.
Effective orientation and training are fundamental to the successful implementation of any intervention because they communicate the critical first impressions of the intervention and the skills needed to conduct it. When research-based HIV prevention interventions are translated into practice, issues arise that require adaptation and expansion of the basic functions of orientation and training. This article identifies some of these issues by drawing on the experience of researchers in the Replicating Effective Programs (REP) project. The purpose, structure, and instructional approach of the orientation and training for administrators, staff, and volunteers are described in depth for one project, with comparisons and additional examples from others. Based on these descriptions, critical issues for orientation and training for replication are presented. These include extending orientation and training to a broad audience within the adopting agency, allocating sufficient time to ensure understanding of the intervention, and planning for staff turnover.
有效的入职培训和培训是成功实施任何干预措施的基础，因为它们传达了干预措施的关键第一印象以及实施该措施所需的技能。当基于研究的艾滋病预防干预措施转化为实践时，会出现一些问题，需要对入职培训和培训的基本功能进行调整和扩展。本文借鉴“复制有效项目”（REP）项目研究人员的经验，识别其中一些问题。深入描述了一个项目针对管理人员、工作人员和志愿者的入职培训和培训的目的、结构及教学方法，并与其他项目进行了比较并给出了更多示例。基于这些描述，提出了复制过程中入职培训和培训的关键问题。这些问题包括将入职培训和培训扩展到采用机构内的广大受众、分配足够时间以确保对干预措施的理解，以及为人员流动做好规划。
