Shamsuddin K, Haris M A
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Razak Cheras, Kuala Lumpur.
Singapore Med J. 2000 Apr;41(4):167-71.
To measure the prevalence of cigarette smoking among male secondary school children and assess their family influence especially that of their fathers' smoking habits on their current smoking habits.
A cross-sectional study was carried out in Kota Bharu, Kelantan in April 1997 where 460 male form four students, aged 15-16 years were randomly selected from six secondary schools. Data on smoking habits, sociodemographic profile and family characteristics particularly parents and siblings' smoking habits, perceived parental supervision and communication were collected through self-administered questionnaires.
The prevalence of cigarette smoking among male secondary school children was 33.2%. Crude analysis shows family factors, fathers' and siblings' smoking habits, and lack of parental supervision were significantly associated with the students' current smoking habit. Among students who smoked compared to non-smokers, father's smoking habit gives a crude Odds Ratio = 1.8, 95% C.I. 1.08 - 3.16. Further analysis shows that the effect of their father's smoking habit on the student's current smoking habit is still significant after controlling for other familial and non-familial factors including parental supervision, academic performance, reported influence of cigarette advertisement, having friends who smoked and the student's poor knowledge of the ill-effects of smoking and other factors (Odds Ratio = 1.9, 95% C.I 1.05 - 3.32). In conclusion, family factors especially the father's smoking habit is an important factor that influences a student's current smoking habit and the presence of negative role models within the home need to be seriously considered in any cigarette smoking prevention programs among secondary school adolescents.
测定男性中学生吸烟的流行率，并评估其家庭影响，尤其是父亲的吸烟习惯对他们当前吸烟习惯的影响。
1997年4月在吉兰丹州哥打巴鲁进行了一项横断面研究，从六所中学随机抽取了460名年龄在15 - 16岁的中四男生。通过自填问卷收集吸烟习惯、社会人口学特征和家庭特征的数据，特别是父母和兄弟姐妹的吸烟习惯、感知到的父母监督和沟通情况。
男性中学生吸烟的流行率为33.2%。粗略分析表明，家庭因素、父亲和兄弟姐妹的吸烟习惯以及缺乏父母监督与学生当前的吸烟习惯显著相关。与不吸烟的学生相比，吸烟学生中，父亲的吸烟习惯得出的粗略比值比为1.8，95%可信区间为1.08 - 3.16。进一步分析表明，在控制了其他家庭和非家庭因素后，包括父母监督、学业成绩、香烟广告的报道影响、有吸烟的朋友以及学生对吸烟不良影响的了解不足等因素，父亲的吸烟习惯对学生当前吸烟习惯的影响仍然显著（比值比 = 1.9，95%可信区间为1.05 - 3.32）。总之，家庭因素尤其是父亲的吸烟习惯是影响学生当前吸烟习惯的一个重要因素，在任何针对中学青少年的预防吸烟项目中，都需要认真考虑家庭中负面榜样的存在。
