Hellmann H, Davis J M, Thurau K
Physiological Institute, University of Munich, Germany.
Kidney Blood Press Res. 2000;23(6):385-92. doi: 10.1159/000025987.
The involvement of the kidney in the pathogenesis of hypertension has long been recognised, although the specific renal mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still unknown. A current hypothesis attributes hypertension to a reduction in glomerular filtration area by glomerular loss. The present study analyses the relationship between glomerular number and volume and conscious systolic blood pressure (SBP) in 4- to 53-week-old hypertensive (PHR) and normotensive (PNR) rats of the Prague strain. Adult PHRs had higher SBP, were larger and had larger kidneys than PNRs, but 20% fewer glomeruli. A significant negative correlation between SBP and glomerular number was found in PHR males, but not in PHR females or PNRs. There was no correlation at all between glomerular volume and SBP and, in young animals, both SBP and glomerular number were higher in PHRs than in PNRs. In addition, in adult PHRs, glomerular volume and SBP were higher in males than in females. In summary, a generally valid, causal relationship linking raised blood pressure to decreased glomerular number or volume could not be demonstrated in the Prague rat model of genetically determined hypertension. The nature of the renal mechanism(s) determining the hypertension in this model remains unknown.
肾脏参与高血压发病机制早已得到认可，尽管这一现象背后具体的肾脏机制仍不清楚。目前的一种假说是，高血压是由于肾小球丧失导致肾小球滤过面积减少所致。本研究分析了4至53周龄的布拉格品系高血压（PHR）和正常血压（PNR）大鼠肾小球数量和体积与清醒状态下收缩压（SBP）之间的关系。成年PHR大鼠的SBP更高，体型更大，肾脏也比PNR大鼠大，但肾小球数量少20%。在PHR雄性大鼠中发现SBP与肾小球数量之间存在显著负相关，而在PHR雌性大鼠或PNR大鼠中未发现这种相关性。肾小球体积与SBP之间完全没有相关性，并且在幼龄动物中，PHR大鼠的SBP和肾小球数量均高于PNR大鼠。此外，在成年PHR大鼠中，雄性的肾小球体积和SBP高于雌性。总之，在基因决定的高血压布拉格大鼠模型中，未能证明血压升高与肾小球数量或体积减少之间存在普遍有效的因果关系。该模型中决定高血压的肾脏机制的本质仍然未知。
