Svenaeus F
Department of Health and Society, University of Linköping, Sweden.
Med Health Care Philos. 2000;3(1):3-16. doi: 10.1023/a:1009943524301.
In this article I aim at developing a phenomenology of illness through a critical interpretation of the works of Sigmund Freud and Martin Heidegger. The phenomenon of "Unheimlichkeit"--uncanniness and unhomelikeness--is demonstrated not only to play a key role in the theories of Freud and Heidegger, but also to constitute the essence of the experience of illness. Two different modes of unhomelikeness--"The mind uncanny" and "The world uncanny"--are in this connection explored as constitutive parts of the phenomenon of illness. The consequence I draw from this analysis is that the mission of health care professionals must be not only to cure diseases, but actually, through devoting attention to the being-in-the-world of the patient, also to open up possible paths back to homelikeness. This mission can only be carried out if medicine acknowledges the basic importance of the meaning-realm of the patient's life--his or her life-world characteristics.
在本文中，我旨在通过对西格蒙德·弗洛伊德和马丁·海德格尔作品的批判性解读来发展一种疾病现象学。“Unheimlichkeit”（阴森恐怖和不自在）这一现象不仅在弗洛伊德和海德格尔的理论中起着关键作用，而且构成了疾病体验的本质。在此，两种不同的不自在模式——“心灵的阴森恐怖”和“世界的阴森恐怖”——被探讨为疾病现象的构成部分。我从这一分析中得出的结论是，医护人员的使命不仅是治愈疾病，而且实际上要通过关注患者的在世存在，为其开辟回归自在状态的可能路径。只有当医学承认患者生活意义领域——其生活世界特征——的根本重要性时，这一使命才能得以实现。
