Rojas F J, Cepero M, Oña A, Gutierrez M
Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Jaen, Spain.
Ergonomics. 2000 Oct;43(10):1651-60. doi: 10.1080/001401300750004069.
The aim of this study was to analyse the adjustments in technique made by a basketball player when shooting against an opponent. The subjects used consisted of 10 professional basketball players of the Spanish First Division League. Three-dimensional motion analysis based on video recordings (50 Hz) was used to obtain the kinematic characteristics of basketball jump shots with and without an opponent. It was found that when performing against an opponent the release angle of the ball increased, the flight time was reduced and postural adjustments as determined by the angles at the knee and shoulder increased, all significantly. There were several other non-significant differences that helped to interpret the changes in technique imposed by the presence of an opponent. It was suggested that when shooting with an opponent, players attempted to release the ball more quickly and from a greater height. This strategy will lessen the chance of the opponent intercepting the ball. It was concluded that the differences noted in the technical execution of the skill had implications for practice. It was suggested that training would benefit from practice with an opponent for at least some of the time to condition players to the demands which they were more likely to meet in the game situation.
本研究的目的是分析篮球运动员在面对对手投篮时所做的技术调整。研究对象包括10名西班牙甲级联赛的职业篮球运动员。基于视频记录（50赫兹）的三维运动分析被用于获取有对手和无对手情况下篮球跳投的运动学特征。研究发现，在面对对手时，球的出手角度增大，飞行时间缩短，由膝盖和肩部角度决定的姿势调整显著增加。还有其他一些不显著的差异有助于解释对手的存在所带来的技术变化。研究表明，在有对手防守时投篮，球员会试图更快地从更高的高度出手。这种策略将减少对手截球的机会。研究得出结论，该技能技术执行中所发现的差异对训练有启示意义。建议训练至少在部分时间与对手进行对抗练习，以使球员适应他们在比赛中更可能遇到的要求。
