轻度哮喘患者进行有氧训练可减轻运动时的呼吸急促，并提高运动和通气能力。

Aerobic conditioning in mild asthma decreases the hyperpnea of exercise and improves exercise and ventilatory capacity.

作者信息

Hallstrand T S, Bates P W, Schoene R B

机构信息

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-8673, USA.

出版信息

Chest. 2000 Nov;118(5):1460-9. doi: 10.1378/chest.118.5.1460.

DOI:10.1378/chest.118.5.1460

PMID:11083702

Abstract

STUDY OBJECTIVE

To determine the effect of an aerobic conditioning program on fitness, respiratory physiology, and resting lung function in patients with mild asthma.

DESIGN

Prospective cohort study.

SETTING

Outpatient rehabilitation facility.

METHODS

Five patients with mild intermittent asthma and five normal control subjects completed a 10-week aerobic conditioning program. Pulmonary function studies and noninvasive cardiopulmonary exercise tests were performed before and after the conditioning program.

RESULTS

After aerobic conditioning, there were significant gains in maximum oxygen consumption (VO(2)max; 22.73 mL/kg/min vs 25.29 mL/kg/min, p = 0.01, asthma; 22.94 mL/kg/min vs 27.85 mL/kg/min, p = 0.03, control) and anaerobic threshold (0.99 L/min vs 1.09 L/min, p = 0.03, asthma; 0.89 L/min vs 1.13 L/min, p = 0.01, control) in both groups. Although FEV(1) was unchanged, the maximum voluntary ventilation (MVV) improved in the asthma group (96.0 L/min vs 108.2 L/min, p = 0.08, asthma; 134.0 L/min vs 131.2 L/min, p = 0.35, control). During exercise, minute ventilation (VE) for each level of work was decreased in the asthma group after conditioning, while little change occurred in the control group (68. 48 L/min vs 51.70 L/min at initial VO(2)max, p = 0. 02, asthma; 65.82 L/min vs 63.12 L/min at initial VO(2)max, p = 0.60, control). A significant decrease in the ventilatory equivalent (VE/oxygen consumption, 40.8 vs 30.4 at VO(2)max, p = 0.02, asthma; 37.2 vs 35.8 4 at VO(2)max, p = 0.02, control) and the dyspnea index (VE/MVV) at submaximal (0.44 vs 0.38, p = 0.05, asthma; 0.32 vs 0.38, p < 0.01, control) and maximal exercise (0.72 vs 0.63, p = 0.03, asthma; 0.49 vs 0.62, p = 0.02, control) occurred in the asthma group.

CONCLUSIONS

Exercise rehabilitation improves aerobic fitness in both asthmatic and nonasthmatic participants of a 10-week aerobic fitness program. Additional benefits of improved ventilatory capacity and decreased hyperpnea of exercise occurred in patients with mild asthma.

摘要

研究目的

确定有氧调节计划对轻度哮喘患者的体能、呼吸生理学及静息肺功能的影响。

设计

前瞻性队列研究。

地点

门诊康复机构。

方法

5例轻度间歇性哮喘患者和5名正常对照者完成了一项为期10周的有氧调节计划。在调节计划前后进行了肺功能研究和无创心肺运动试验。

结果

有氧调节后，两组的最大摄氧量（VO₂max；哮喘组：22.73 mL/kg/min 对 25.29 mL/kg/min，p = 0.01；对照组：22.94 mL/kg/min 对 27.85 mL/kg/min，p = 0.03）和无氧阈（哮喘组：0.99 L/min 对 1.09 L/min，p = 0.03；对照组：0.89 L/min 对 1.13 L/min，p = 0.01）均有显著提高。虽然第1秒用力呼气量（FEV₁）未改变，但哮喘组的最大自主通气量（MVV）有所改善（哮喘组：96.0 L/min 对 108.2 L/min，p = 0.08；对照组：134.0 L/min 对 131.2 L/min，p = 0.35）。调节后，哮喘组在运动时每个工作水平的分钟通气量（VE）下降，而对照组变化不大（初始VO₂max时，哮喘组：68.48 L/min 对 51.70 L/min，p = 0.02；对照组：65.82 L/min 对 63.12 L/min，p = 0.60）。哮喘组的通气当量（VO₂max时：40.8 对 30.4，p = 0.02；对照组：37.2 对 35.8，p = 0.02）以及次最大运动（哮喘组：0.44 对 0.38，p = 0.05；对照组：0.32 对 0.38，p < 0.01）和最大运动时（哮喘组：0.72 对 0.63，p = 0.03；对照组：0.49 对 0.62，p = 0.02）的呼吸困难指数（VE/MVV）均显著降低。