Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
PLoS One. 2018 Oct 22;13(10):e0204953. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204953. eCollection 2018.
Nocturnal worsening of asthma symptoms is a common feature of asthma. Physical exercise training improves general asthma control; however, there is no evidence showing the effects of physical exercise on nocturnal asthma symptoms. Indeed, asthma patients with daytime and nighttime symptoms are physiologically different, and thus the effects of physical exercise on asthma may also be different in these two groups. The objective of this systematic review is to explore the effects of physical exercise on nocturnal asthma symptoms.
Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, CINAHL and SPORTdiscus (last search on November 2017). Authors from studies that did not report nocturnal symptoms but used questionnaires and/or diaries were contacted for detailed information. Studies that provided results on nocturnal symptoms before and after physical activity intervention were included. Prevalence of nocturnal symptoms was calculated for each study from the percentage of study participants with nocturnal symptoms before and after intervention.
Eleven studies were included (5 with children and 6 with adults). The prevalence of nocturnal symptoms at baseline ranged from 0% to 63% among children and from 50-73% among adults. In children and adults with nocturnal asthma, aerobic physical exercise reduced the prevalence and frequency of nocturnal symptoms.
Aerobic physical exercise improves nocturnal asthma in children and adults by reducing the prevalence and frequency of nocturnal symptoms. Physical exercise training could be used with conventional treatments to improve quality of life and asthma control in patients with nocturnal worsening of asthma.
哮喘症状在夜间恶化是哮喘的一个常见特征。体育锻炼训练可以改善整体哮喘控制；然而，目前尚无证据表明体育锻炼对夜间哮喘症状的影响。事实上，白天和夜间有症状的哮喘患者在生理上存在差异，因此体育锻炼对哮喘的影响在这两组患者中也可能不同。本系统综述的目的是探讨体育锻炼对夜间哮喘症状的影响。
在 MEDLINE、Embase、Cochrane 对照试验中心注册库、CINAHL 和 SPORTdiscus 中进行检索（最后一次检索时间为 2017 年 11 月）。对于未报告夜间症状但使用问卷和/或日记的研究，我们联系了作者以获取详细信息。纳入了提供体育活动干预前后夜间症状结果的研究。从干预前后有夜间症状的研究参与者百分比中计算了每个研究的夜间症状发生率。
共纳入 11 项研究（5 项针对儿童，6 项针对成人）。儿童的夜间症状发生率从基线的 0%到 63%不等，而成人的夜间症状发生率从 50%到 73%不等。在有夜间哮喘的儿童和成人中，有氧运动可降低夜间症状的发生率和频率。
有氧运动可通过降低夜间症状的发生率和频率来改善儿童和成人的夜间哮喘。运动训练可以与常规治疗一起用于改善夜间哮喘恶化患者的生活质量和哮喘控制。
