Myrsten A L, Lamble R, Frankenhaeuser M, Lundberg U
Psychopharmacology (Berl). 1979 Apr 25;62(3):211-5. doi: 10.1007/BF00431950.
Effects of psychological stress on acute alcohol intoxication following intake of 2 ml whisky/kg body weight were examined in 12 healthy subjects. Each subject performed a 45-min psychomotor task under four conditions, two of which increased achievement stress by promising the subject a monetary reward for rapid and accurate performance. The conditions were (a) task only, (b) task + reward, (c) task + alcohol, and (d) task + reward + alcohol. In condition (b) reward improved performance and heightened both physiological and subjective arousal, and in condition (c) alcohol impaired performance, lowered subjective arousal, and increased physiological arousal. In condition (d) the reward counteracted the depressant effects of alcohol on performance and mood, whereas an additive, arousing effect was obtained in all physiological variables, i.e., catecholamine and cortisol excretion and heart rate.
在12名健康受试者中，研究了心理压力对摄入2毫升威士忌/千克体重后急性酒精中毒的影响。每位受试者在四种条件下完成一项45分钟的心理运动任务，其中两种条件通过承诺受试者快速准确完成任务可获得金钱奖励来增加成就压力。这四种条件分别是：(a)仅任务，(b)任务+奖励，(c)任务+酒精，(d)任务+奖励+酒精。在条件(b)中，奖励提高了表现，增强了生理和主观唤醒；在条件(c)中，酒精损害了表现，降低了主观唤醒，并增加了生理唤醒。在条件(d)中，奖励抵消了酒精对表现和情绪的抑制作用，而在所有生理变量（即儿茶酚胺和皮质醇排泄以及心率）中都获得了相加的唤醒效应。
