McCurdy T, Glen G, Smith L, Lakkadi Y
Office of Research and Development, US Environmental Protection Agency Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27711, USA.
J Expo Anal Environ Epidemiol. 2000 Nov-Dec;10(6 Pt 1):566-78. doi: 10.1038/sj.jea.7500114.
EPA's National Exposure Research Laboratory (NERL) has combined data from 12 U.S. studies related to human activities into one comprehensive data system that can be accessed via the Internet. The data system is called the Consolidated Human Activity Database (CHAD) and is available at http:// www.epa.gov/nerl/. CHAD contains 22,968 person days of activity and is designed to assist exposure assessors and modelers in constructing population "cohorts" of people with specified characteristics that are suitable for subsequent analysis or modeling. This paper describes the studies comprising CHAD and the various intellectual foundations that underlay the gathering of human activity pattern data. Next, it provides a brief overview of the Internet version of CHAD, and discusses how the program was formulated. Emphasis is placed on how activity-specific energy expenditure estimates were developed. Finally, the paper recommends steps that should be taken to improve the collection of activity data that would improve energy expenditure estimates and related information needed for physiologically based exposure dose modeling efforts.
美国环境保护局（EPA）的国家暴露研究实验室（NERL）已将来自12项与人类活动相关的美国研究数据整合到一个可通过互联网访问的综合数据系统中。该数据系统称为综合人类活动数据库（CHAD），可在http://www.epa.gov/nerl/获取。CHAD包含22968人日的活动数据，旨在帮助暴露评估人员和建模人员构建具有特定特征的人群“队列”，以适用于后续分析或建模。本文描述了构成CHAD的各项研究以及收集人类活动模式数据的各种知识基础。接下来，简要概述了CHAD的互联网版本，并讨论了该程序的制定方式。重点介绍了如何制定特定活动的能量消耗估算。最后，本文建议应采取的步骤，以改进活动数据的收集，从而改善能量消耗估算以及基于生理学的暴露剂量建模工作所需的相关信息。
