Liu X, Sun Z, Uchiyama M, Shibui K, Kim K, Okawa M
Department of Psychiatry, Shandong Medical University, People's Republic of China.
Sleep. 2000 Dec 15;23(8):1053-62.
This study examined the prevalence and correlates of sleep problems in Chinese schoolchildren.
A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was undertaken in Shandong Province, People's Republic of China.
A total of 2004 elementary school children (998 boys and 1006 girls) participated in the survey.
The parents completed a questionnaire that asked about sleep problems, and characteristics of the family and child. Teachers completed a questionnaire that included the Modified Conners Hyperkinesis Index (MCHI), whether the child slept in class, and school achievement.
Parent-reported sleep problems that occurred "sometimes" or "often" were sleep walking/talking, 14.2%; too little sleep, 14.0%; too much sleep, 12.5%; nightmares, 12.0%; trouble sleeping, 6.1%; and nocturnal enuresis, 4.5%. Teachers reported that 9.4% of children slept in class "sometimes" or "often". Approximately 11% of children were reported to have any sleep problem "often". Children with sleep problems were more frequently reported to be hyperactive, and to have poorer child-parent relations, poorer peer relations, and poorer social competency and school achievement. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that sleep problems were significantly correlated with following factors: poor parental relations, crowded homes, bedwetting cessation after age 4, chronic physical diseases, reported hyperactivity and poor peer relations.
Parent-reported sleep problems in Chinese children were less prevalent than those reported in Western countries, and associated with multiple family, prenatal, and child developmental factors. Children with sleep problems were reported to be more hyperactive, and to have social and academic problems more frequently. <=
本研究调查了中国学童睡眠问题的患病率及其相关因素。
在中国山东省进行了一项横断面问卷调查。
共有2004名小学生（998名男生和1006名女生）参与了调查。
家长完成一份关于睡眠问题、家庭及孩子特征的问卷。教师完成一份包含修订版康纳斯多动症指数（MCHI）、孩子是否在课堂上睡觉以及学业成绩的问卷。
家长报告“有时”或“经常”出现的睡眠问题有：梦游/梦呓，14.2%；睡眠过少，14.0%；睡眠过多，12.5%；噩梦，12.0%；入睡困难，6.1%；夜间遗尿，4.5%。教师报告9.4%的孩子“有时”或“经常”在课堂上睡觉。约11%的孩子被报告“经常”有任何睡眠问题。有睡眠问题的孩子更常被报告有多动症状，且亲子关系、同伴关系、社会能力和学业成绩较差。多因素逻辑回归分析表明，睡眠问题与以下因素显著相关：亲子关系差、家庭拥挤、4岁后停止尿床、慢性身体疾病、报告的多动症状和同伴关系差。
中国儿童中家长报告的睡眠问题患病率低于西方国家，且与多种家庭、产前和儿童发育因素相关。有睡眠问题的孩子被报告更易多动，且更常出现社交和学业问题。
