Regulation of neoplastic angiogenesis.

The progressive growth of neoplasms and the production of metastasis depend on the development of adequate vasculature, i.e., angiogenesis. The extent of angiogenesis is determined by the balance between positive- and negative-regulating molecules that are released by tumor and host cells in the microenvironment. The growth of many neoplasms is associated with the absence of the endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis, interferon beta (IFN beta). A survey of multiple mouse and human tumors shows a lack of IFN beta associated with extensive angiogenesis. Therapy with IFN alpha or beta either by subcutaneous injection of the protein or by introduction of viral vectors that contain the IFN beta gene inhibit angiogenesis and, hence, progressive tumor growth.