Liedtke A J, DeMuth W E
Am J Cardiol. 1975 Feb;35(2):243-50. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(75)90008-9.
Electrocardiographic and hemodynamic correlates were recorded before and after a standardized nonpenetrating blow to the chest in 9 anesthetized control dogs (Group I), 5 dogs, pretreated with alcohol, 0.4 g/kg intravenously (Group II), and 12 dogs undergoing chest trauma after alcohol infusions (Group III). In animals in Group I, transient major arrhythmias, including complete heart block and ventricular tachycardia, occurred immediately after impact. One animal died with ventricular fibrillation. In the eight survivors these disturbances were accompanied by acute reductions in aortic pressure and cardiac index; values for both variables gradually increased after restoration of sinus mechanism. Alcohol alone (Group II) produced no significant alterations in either hemodynamic performance or electrical activity, but when combined with nonpenetrating chest injury (Group III) it caused a mortality rate of 92 percent, the majority of animals dying with electromechanical dissociation. Mean survival time in Group III was 23.1 plus and minus 6.5 (standard error of the mean) minutes compared with 80.3 plus and minus 9.6 minutes in Group I. At autopsy, minor cardiac lesions of either the pericardium or myocardium were observed in all animals in Groups I and III, but none were considered lethal. It is concluded that administration of alcohol, even in small doses, can effect catastrophic reductions in mechanical performance in the presence of otherwise nonfatal cardiac injury secondary to nonpenetrating chest trauma. The clinical implications of this association are discussed.
对9只麻醉的对照犬（第一组）、5只静脉注射0.4 g/kg酒精预处理的犬（第二组）和12只酒精输注后遭受胸部创伤的犬（第三组），在胸部进行标准化非穿透性打击前后记录心电图和血流动力学相关指标。在第一组动物中，撞击后立即出现短暂的严重心律失常，包括完全性心脏传导阻滞和室性心动过速。1只动物死于心室颤动。在8只存活的动物中，这些紊乱伴随着主动脉压和心脏指数的急性降低；窦性心律恢复后，这两个变量的值逐渐升高。单独使用酒精（第二组）对血流动力学表现或电活动均未产生显著改变，但与非穿透性胸部损伤联合（第三组）时，其死亡率为92%，大多数动物死于电机械分离。第三组的平均存活时间为23.1±6.5（平均标准误差）分钟，而第一组为80.3±9.6分钟。尸检时，在第一组和第三组的所有动物中均观察到心包或心肌的轻微心脏病变，但均不被认为是致命的。结论是，即使小剂量使用酒精，在非穿透性胸部创伤继发的非致命性心脏损伤情况下，也可导致机械性能灾难性降低。讨论了这种关联的临床意义。
