Valencia I C, Falabella A, Kirsner R S, Eaglstein W H
Department of Dermatology, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2001 Mar;44(3):401-21; quiz 422-4. doi: 10.1067/mjd.2001.111633.
Venous ulcers are the most common form of leg ulcers. Venous disease has a significant impact on quality of life and work productivity. In addition, the costs associated with the long-term care of these chronic wounds are substantial. Although the exact pathogenic steps leading from venous hypertension to venous ulceration remain unclear, several hypotheses have been developed to explain the development of venous ulceration. A better understanding of the current pathophysiology of venous ulceration has led to the development of new approaches in its management. New types of wound dressings, topical and systemic therapeutic agents, surgical modalities, bioengineered tissue, matrix materials, and growth factors are all novel therapeutic options that may be used in addition to the "gold standard," compression therapy, for venous ulcers. This review discusses current aspects of the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic assessment, and current therapeutic options for chronic venous insufficiency and venous ulceration. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2001;44:401-21.)
At the conclusion of this learning activity, participants should be familiar with the 3 main types of lower extremity ulcers and should improve their understanding of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnostic assessment, and current therapies for chronic venous insufficiency and venous ulcers.
静脉性溃疡是腿部溃疡最常见的类型。静脉疾病对生活质量和工作效率有重大影响。此外，这些慢性伤口的长期护理成本巨大。尽管从静脉高压到静脉溃疡的确切致病步骤仍不清楚，但已提出了几种假说来解释静脉溃疡的发生。对静脉溃疡当前病理生理学的更好理解已促使其管理方面出现新方法。新型伤口敷料、局部和全身治疗药物、手术方式、生物工程组织、基质材料以及生长因子都是除“金标准”——压迫疗法之外，可用于静脉溃疡治疗的新型治疗选择。本文综述了慢性静脉功能不全和静脉溃疡的流行病学、病理生理学、临床表现、诊断评估及当前治疗选择等方面内容。（《美国皮肤科学会杂志》2001年；44:401 - 21。）
在本学习活动结束时，参与者应熟悉下肢溃疡的3种主要类型，并应增进对慢性静脉功能不全和静脉溃疡的流行病学、发病机制、危险因素、临床表现、诊断评估及当前治疗方法的理解。
