Bjerregaard P, Dewailly E, Ayotte P, Pars T, Ferron L, Mulvad G
Section for Research in Greenland, National Institute of Public Health, Copenhagen, Denmark.
J Toxicol Environ Health A. 2001 Jan 26;62(2):69-81. doi: 10.1080/009841001455490.
High organochlorine concentrations have been found among the Inuit in eastern Canada and in Greenland. The present study was undertaken to assess the exposure to organochlorines in relation to age, sex, and diet in a general population sample of Inuit from Greenland. Survey data and plasma concentrations of 14 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners and 16 pesticides, including 5 toxaphene congeners, were recorded in a random population survey of 408 adult indigenous Greenlanders. In a two-stage design, the survey response rate was 66%, and 90% of those randomly selected for blood testing participated. This was equivalent to an overall response rate of 59%. The median plasma concentration of the sum of PCB congeners was 13.3 microg/L; the lipid-adjusted value was 2109 microg/kg. The PCB concentration was twice as high as among the Inuit of Nunavik, Canada, 25 times higher than in a control group from southern Canada, and several times higher than the values found in European studies. Concentrations were similarly elevated for all PCB congeners and pesticides. The PCB congener pattern was similar to previous observations from the eastern Canadian Arctic and Greenland. Concentrations showed statistically significant positive associations with age, marine diet, and male sex in multiple linear regression analyses. The exceptionally high plasma concentrations of several organochlorines among the Inuit of Greenland are attributed to a lifelong high intake of seafood, in particular marine mammals. Concentrations of PCB adjusted for the consumption of marine food increased until approximately 40 yr of age, which is equivalent to the birth cohorts of the early 1950s. The age pattern indicates that bioaccumulation of PCB started in the 1950s, which is a likely date for the introduction of the compounds into the Arctic environment.
在加拿大东部的因纽特人和格陵兰岛居民中发现了高浓度的有机氯。本研究旨在评估格陵兰因纽特人普通人群样本中有机氯暴露与年龄、性别和饮食的关系。在对408名成年格陵兰原住民进行的随机人群调查中，记录了14种多氯联苯（PCB）同系物和16种农药（包括5种毒杀芬同系物）的调查数据及血浆浓度。在两阶段设计中，调查回复率为66%，随机选择进行血液检测的人群中有90%参与。这相当于总体回复率为59%。PCB同系物总和的血浆中位数浓度为13.3微克/升；脂质调整值为2109微克/千克。该PCB浓度是加拿大努纳维克因纽特人的两倍，比加拿大南部对照组高25倍，比欧洲研究中发现的值高几倍。所有PCB同系物和农药的浓度同样升高。PCB同系物模式与加拿大东部北极地区和格陵兰岛先前的观察结果相似。在多元线性回归分析中，浓度与年龄、海洋饮食和男性性别呈统计学上显著的正相关。格陵兰因纽特人几种有机氯的血浆浓度异常高归因于终生大量摄入海鲜，尤其是海洋哺乳动物。根据海洋食物消费量调整后的PCB浓度在大约40岁之前一直上升，这相当于20世纪50年代初出生的人群。年龄模式表明PCB的生物累积始于20世纪50年代，这可能是这些化合物被引入北极环境的时间。
